Effects of intravenous administration of lidocaine on the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in horses.
Abstract: To determine effects of a continuous rate infusion of lidocaine on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane in horses. Methods: 8 healthy adult horses. Methods: Horses were anesthetized via IV administration of xylazine, ketamine, and diazepam; anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane in oxygen. Approximately 1 hour after induction, sevoflurane MAC determination was initiated via standard techniques. Following sevoflurane MAC determination, lidocaine was administered as a bolus (1.3 mg/kg, IV, over 15 minutes), followed by constant rate infusion at 50 μg/kg/min. Determination of MAC for the lidocaine-sevoflurane combination was started 30 minutes after lidocaine infusion was initiated. Arterial blood samples were collected after the lidocaine bolus, at 30-minute intervals, and at the end of the infusion for measurement of plasma lidocaine concentrations. Results: IV administration of lidocaine decreased mean ± SD sevoflurane MAC from 2.42 ± 0.24% to 1.78 ± 0.38% (mean MAC reduction, 26.7 ± 12%). Plasma lidocaine concentrations were 2,589 ± 811 ng/mL at the end of the bolus; 2,065 ± 441 ng/mL, 2,243 ± 699 ng/mL, 2,168 ± 339 ng/mL, and 2,254 ± 215 ng/mL at 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes of infusion, respectively; and 2,206 ± 329 ng/mL at the end of the infusion. Plasma concentrations did not differ significantly among time points. Conclusions: Lidocaine could be useful for providing a more balanced anesthetic technique in horses. A detailed cardiovascular study on the effects of IV infusion of lidocaine during anesthesia with sevoflurane is required before this combination can be recommended.
Publication Date: 2011-04-02 PubMed ID: 21453144DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.72.4.446Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research investigates the impact of an intravenous administration of lidocaine on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane, a commonly used anesthetic agent, in horses. The results display a substantial reduction in the sevoflurane MAC, suggesting the potential of lidocaine to establish a balanced anesthetic protocol in horses.
Methods and Procedure
- A total of 8 healthy adult horses were considered for this study and subjected to anesthesia through intravenous administration of xylazine, ketamine, and diazepam. This was followed by a maintenance of anesthesia through sevoflurane in oxygen.
- About one hour into the anesthesia, the sevoflurane MAC was examined via standard techniques. Post this process, Lidocaine was given as a bolus (1.3 mg/kg, IV, over 15 minutes), and then through a constant rate infusion at the rate of 50 μg/kg/min.
- The process to determine the MAC for the lidocaine-sevoflurane combined treatment began approximately 30 minutes after lidocaine’s infusion started.
- Throughout the procedure, arterial blood samples were extracted post-lidocaine bolus administration, at 30-minute intervals, and at the infusion’s end to measure plasma lidocaine concentrations.
Results
- Intravenous administration of lidocaine decreased the mean sevoflurane MAC from 2.42% to 1.78% indicating a mean reduction of about 26.7%.
- Plasma lidocaine concentrations were recorded to be 2,589 ng/mL at the end of the bolus, 2,065 ng/mL, 2,243 ng/mL, 2,168 ng/mL, and 2,254 ng/mL at 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes of infusion, respectively, and 2,206 ng/mL at the end of the infusion.
- The concentration of plasma lidocaine did not significantly change among the various time points which were studied.
Conclusions
- The study concluded that lidocaine potentially offers a more balanced anesthetic technique in horses.
- However, a comprehensive cardiovascular study focusing on the effects of intravenous infusion of lidocaine alongside sevoflurane anesthesia would be needed before this combination can be pledged as recommendable.
Cite This Article
APA
Rezende ML, Wagner AE, Mama KR, Ferreira TH, Steffey EP.
(2011).
Effects of intravenous administration of lidocaine on the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in horses.
Am J Vet Res, 72(4), 446-451.
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.72.4.446 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Anesthesia, General / veterinary
- Anesthetics, Inhalation / administration & dosage
- Anesthetics, Inhalation / blood
- Anesthetics, Inhalation / pharmacokinetics
- Animals
- Drug Interactions
- Female
- Heart Rate
- Horses / physiology
- Infusions, Intravenous / veterinary
- Lidocaine / administration & dosage
- Lidocaine / blood
- Lidocaine / pharmacokinetics
- Male
- Methyl Ethers / administration & dosage
- Methyl Ethers / pharmacokinetics
- Pulmonary Alveoli / metabolism
- Sevoflurane
Citations
This article has been cited 5 times.- Wang Y, Ou-Yang QG, Huang WL, Huang HL, Zhuang XL, Lin QM, Zeng DL. Investigation of the Inhibitory Effect of Simvastatin on the Metabolism of Lidocaine Both in vitro and in vivo.. Drug Des Devel Ther 2020;14:1739-1747.
- Batko I, Kościelniak-Merak B, Tomasik PJ, Kobylarz K. Lidocaine Reduces Sevoflurane Consumption and Improves Recovery Profile in Children Undergoing Major Spine Surgery.. Med Sci Monit 2020 Mar 21;26:e919971.
- Weinberg L, Jang J, Rachbuch C, Tan C, Hu R, McNicol L. The effects of intravenous lignocaine on depth of anaesthesia and intraoperative haemodynamics during open radical prostatectomy.. BMC Res Notes 2017 Jul 6;10(1):248.
- Queiroz-Williams P, Doherty TJ, da Cunha AF, Leonardi C. Effects of ketamine and lidocaine in combination on the sevoflurane minimum alveolar concentration in alpacas.. Can J Vet Res 2016 Apr;80(2):141-5.
- Nóbrega Neto PI, Luna SP, Queiroz-Williams P, Mama KR, Steffey EP, Carregaro AB. Cardiorespiratory and antinociceptive effects of two different doses of lidocaine administered to horses during a constant intravenous infusion of xylazine and ketamine.. BMC Vet Res 2013 Oct 9;9:199.
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