Effects of intravenous ethyl pyruvate on cardiopulmonary variables and quality of recovery from anesthesia in horses.
Abstract: To determine the effects of intravenous ethyl pyruvate, an anti-inflammatory with putative benefits in horses with endotoxemia, on cardiopulmonary variables during anesthesia and the quality of anesthetic recovery. Methods: Randomized, crossover, blinded experimental design. Methods: A total of six healthy Standardbred geldings, aged 13 ± 3 years and weighing 507 ± 66 kg (mean ± standard deviation). Methods: Horses were anesthetized for approximately 90 minutes on two occasions with a minimum of 2 weeks apart using xylazine for sedation, ketamine and diazepam for induction, and isoflurane in oxygen for maintenance. Lactated Ringer's solution (LRS; 10 mL kg hour) was administered during anesthesia. Treatments were randomized and administered starting approximately 30 minutes after induction of anesthesia and infused over 60 minutes: LRS (1 L) or ethyl pyruvate (150 mg kg in 1 L LRS). Invasive arterial pressures, heart rate, respiratory rate and end-tidal carbon dioxide tensions were recorded every 5 minutes for the duration of anesthesia. Arterial blood gases, glucose and lactate concentrations were measured every 20 minutes. Anesthetic recovery was video recorded, stored, and subsequently rated by two individuals blinded to treatments. Total recovery time, time to extubation, number of attempts and time to sternal recumbency, number of attempts to stand and time to stand were recorded. Quality of recovery was analyzed. Data between treatments and within a treatment were assessed using two-way repeated-measures anova and a Pearson correlation coefficient, significant at p < 0.05. Results: All horses completed the study. No significant differences were detected between the ethyl pyruvate and LRS treatments for either the cardiopulmonary variables or quality of recovery from anesthesia. Conclusions: The results suggest that intravenous ethyl pyruvate can be administered to healthy anesthetized horses with minimal impact on the cardiopulmonary variables studied or the quality of recovery from anesthesia.
Copyright © 2022 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2022-02-07 PubMed ID: 35279356DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2022.01.008Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Veterinary
Summary
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This study investigated the effects of ethyl pyruvate, a substance with anti-inflammatory properties, on blood flow and lung function in anesthetized horses and their recovery from anesthesia. The study found that ethyl pyruvate had minimal impact on these variables and recovery quality.
Study Design
- The research employed a randomized, crossover, blinded experimental design. Six healthy Standardbred geldings were used in this study.
- These horses were anesthetized for about 90 minutes on two separate occasions, with a minimum of 2 weeks gap between the two sessions.
- The sedative xylazine, along with ketamine and diazepam for induction and isoflurane in oxygen for maintenance, were utilized during anesthesia operations.
- Lactated Ringer’s solution or LRS (10 mL kg hour) was administered during anesthesia.
- The two treatments used were LRS or ethyl pyruvate. They started about 30 minutes after induction and infused over 60 minutes.
Data Collection
- Factors such as invasive arterial pressures, heart rate, respiratory rate, and end-tidal carbon dioxide tensions were recorded every 5 minutes for the duration of the anesthesia procedure.
- Blood gases, glucose concentration, and lactate were measured every 20 minutes.
- Anesthetic recovery was observed and recorded via video and subsequently rated by two individuals who were unaware of the treatments being administered to the horses.
- Total recovery time, the time it took to remove the endotracheal tube (extubation), the number of attempts and time to move to a sternally recumbent position, the number of attempts to stand and the time to stand were recorded.
Observations and Analysis
- The collected data from the different treatments and within a treatment were analyzed using two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a Pearson correlation coefficient.
- The results revealed that there were no significant differences between the ethyl pyruvate and LRS treatments in relation to either the cardiopulmonary variables or the quality of recovery from anesthesia.
Conclusion
- The researchers concluded that intravenous ethyl pyruvate can be given to healthy anesthetized horses with minimum impact on the studied cardiopulmonary variables or the quality of recovery from anesthesia.
Cite This Article
APA
Muñoz KA, Szarek M, Manfredi JM, Robertson SA, Hubbell JA, Holcombe SJ.
(2022).
Effects of intravenous ethyl pyruvate on cardiopulmonary variables and quality of recovery from anesthesia in horses.
Vet Anaesth Analg, 49(3), 282-290.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaa.2022.01.008 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. Electronic address: munozkir@msu.edu.
- Equine Athlete Veterinary Services, Williamston, MI, USA.
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
- Lap of Love Veterinary Hospice, Lutz, FL, USA.
- Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital, Lexington, KY, USA.
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Anesthesia / veterinary
- Anesthesia Recovery Period
- Anesthesia, Intravenous / veterinary
- Animals
- Blood Pressure
- Heart Rate
- Horses
- Isoflurane
- Male
- Pyruvates
- Xylazine / pharmacology
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Li H, Wang H, Pan Y, Huang Q, Li X, Zeng X, Zhou L. Efficacy of High-Quality Nursing Service for the Patients during the Anesthesia Recovery Period: A Meta-Analysis. Appl Bionics Biomech 2022;2022:3528915.
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