Effects of small- and large-volume resuscitation on coagulation and electrolytes during experimental endotoxemia in anesthetized horses.
Abstract: Small-volume resuscitation (SVR) has been advocated in place of large-volume isotonic resuscitation for the treatment of endotoxemia in horses. The effects of this type of therapy during experimental endotoxemia on electrolytes and coagulation have not been evaluated in the horse. As part of a larger project, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of SVR (hypertonic saline solution [HSS] plus hetastarch [HES]) on coagulation and serum electrolytes concentration, and to compare SVR with large- and small-volume isotonic resuscitation during experimental endotoxemia in anesthetized horses. Objective: SVR does not affect coagulation parameters or serum electrolyte concentrations when compared with either small- or large-volume isotonic crystalloids. Methods: Horses were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups. Under halothane anesthesia, endotoxemia was induced by administering 50 microg/kg Escherichia coli endotoxin i.v. The horses were treated for 30 minutes with 15 mL/kg of balanced polyionic crystalloid solution (control), 60 mL/kg of balanced polyionic crystalloid solution (ISO), or 5 mL/kg of HSS followed by 10 mL/kg HES (HSS-HES). Methods: Prospective randomized trial. Results: Significant differences in coagulation parameters were not found among the groups. Thrombocytopenia was severe in all 3 groups. Serum ionized calcium concentration significantly decreased from baseline in control and ISO groups but not in the HSS-HES group. Conclusions: These results suggest that the HSS-HES combination, at the dosage used in this study had no adverse effects on coagulation beyond those produced by endotoxemia. HSS-HES may have a protective effect against endotoxemia-induced ionized hypocalcemia.
Publication Date: 2008-01-17 PubMed ID: 18196749DOI: 10.1892/06-289.1Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The research article explores the effects of using small-volume resuscitation (SVR) as compared to large-volume resuscitation in the treatment of endotoxemia in horses. Results indicated that SVR does not impact coagulation parameters or serum electrolyte concentrations. Furthermore, SVR was found to potentially protect against ionized hypocalcemia induced by endotoxemia.
Research Objective
- The study aimed to examine the impacts of small-volume resuscitation (SVR) on coagulation and serum electrolytes concentration during experimental endotoxemia in anesthetized horses. SVR in this study utilized hypertonic saline solution (HSS) and hetastarch (HES).
- The goal was to compare the effects of SVR with both small- and large-volume isotonic resuscitation.
Research Methods
- Horses were randomized into one of three groups for the experiment, and endotoxemia was induced under halothane anesthesia by administering Escherichia coli endotoxin.
- The control group received 15 mL/kg of balanced polyionic crystalloid solution, a second group received 60 mL/kg of the same solution (representing isotonic resuscitation, or ISO), and a third group received 5 mL/kg of HSS followed by 10 mL/kg HES (representing the SVR).
Research Findings
- Throughout the three groups, no significant differences in coagulation parameters were identified. Severe thrombocytopenia was present in all groups.
- The control and ISO groups witnessed a significant decrease from the baseline in the serum ionized calcium concentration. This was not the case in the HSS-HES group.
Conclusions
- The research postulates that SVR using a combination of HSS-HES, at the dosage used in the study, does not cause adverse effects on coagulation beyond those produced by endotoxemia itself.
- Furthermore, the HSS-HES combination may protect against the development of ionized hypocalcemia induced by endotoxemia.
Cite This Article
APA
Pantaleon LG, Furr MO, McKenzie HC, Donaldson L.
(2008).
Effects of small- and large-volume resuscitation on coagulation and electrolytes during experimental endotoxemia in anesthetized horses.
J Vet Intern Med, 21(6), 1374-1379.
https://doi.org/10.1892/06-289.1 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Marion duPont Scott Equine Medical Center, Virginia/ Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Leesburg, VA, USA. lucaspantaleon@hotmail.com
MeSH Terms
- Anesthesia / veterinary
- Animals
- Blood Coagulation / drug effects
- Endotoxemia / drug therapy
- Endotoxemia / veterinary
- Fluid Therapy / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / chemically induced
- Horse Diseases / drug therapy
- Horses
- Rehydration Solutions / therapeutic use
- Resuscitation / veterinary
- Time Factors
- Water-Electrolyte Balance / drug effects
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Boyd CJ, Brainard BM, Smart L. Intravenous Fluid Administration and the Coagulation System. Front Vet Sci 2021;8:662504.
- Crabtree NE, Epstein KL. Current Concepts in Fluid Therapy in Horses. Front Vet Sci 2021;8:648774.
- Mallicote M, House AM, Sanchez LC. A review of foal diarrhoea from birth to weaning. Equine Vet Educ 2012 Apr;24(4):206-214.
- Shaw SD, Stämpfli H. Diagnosis and Treatment of Undifferentiated and Infectious Acute Diarrhea in the Adult Horse. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2018 Apr;34(1):39-53.
- Epstein KL, Bergren A, Giguère S, Brainard BM. Cardiovascular, colloid osmotic pressure, and hemostatic effects of 2 formulations of hydroxyethyl starch in healthy horses. J Vet Intern Med 2014 Jan-Feb;28(1):223-33.
- Lewis DH, Chan DL, Pinheiro D, Armitage-Chan E, Garden OA. The immunopathology of sepsis: pathogen recognition, systemic inflammation, the compensatory anti-inflammatory response, and regulatory T cells. J Vet Intern Med 2012 May-Jun;26(3):457-82.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
