Efficacy of a portable oxygen concentrator with pulsed delivery for treatment of hypoxemia during equine field anesthesia.
Abstract: Hypoxemia is common during equine field anesthesia. Our hypothesis was that oxygen therapy from a portable oxygen concentrator would increase PaO2 during field anesthesia compared with the breathing of ambient air. Methods: Prospective clinical study. Methods: Fifteen yearling (250 - 400 kg) horses during field castration. Methods: Horses were maintained in dorsal recumbency during anesthesia with an intravenous infusion of 2000 mg ketamine and 500 mg xylazine in 1 L of 5% guaifenesin. Arterial samples for blood gas analysis were collected immediately post-induction (PI), and at 15 and 30 minutes PI. The control group (n = 6) breathed ambient air. The treatment group (n = 9) were administered pulsed-flow oxygen (192 mL per bolus) by nasal insufflation during inspiration for 15 minutes PI, then breathed ambient air. The study was performed at 1300 m above sea level. One-way and two-way repeated-measures anova with post-hoc Bonferroni tests were used for within and between-group comparisons, respectively. Significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: Mean ± SD PaO2 in controls at 0, 15 and 30 minutes PI were 46 ± 7 mmHg (6.1 ± 0.9 kPa), 42 ± 9 mmHg (5.6 ± 1.1 kPa), and 48 ± 7 mmHg (6.4 ± 0.1 kPa), respectively (p = 0.4). In treatment animals, oxygen administration significantly increased PaO2 at 15 minutes PI to 60 ± 13 mmHg (8.0 ± 1.7 kPa), compared with baseline values of 46 ± 8 mmHg (6.1 ± 1 kPa) (p = 0.007), and 30 minute PI values of 48 ± 7 mmHg (6.5 ± 0.9 kPa) (p = 0.003). Conclusions: These data show that a pulsed-flow delivery of oxygen can increase PaO2 in dorsally recumbent horses during field anesthesia with ketamine-xylazine-guaifenesin. Conclusions: The portable oxygen concentrator may help combat hypoxemia during field anesthesia in horses.
© 2015 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and the American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia.
Publication Date: 2015-02-14 PubMed ID: 25683480DOI: 10.1111/vaa.12246Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Clinical Trial
- Journal Article
Summary
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This research study tests whether a portable oxygen concentrator can effectively increase blood oxygen levels during horse field anesthesia. The results show that the deliverance of oxygen via a pulsed-flow method notably enhances blood oxygen concentration when the anesthetic method of ketamine-xylazine-guaifenesin is deployed.
Research Methodology
- The study is a prospective clinical experiment focusing on 15 yearling horses that are due to undergo field castration.
- All subjects are placed in dorsal recumbency during anesthesia using the ketamine-xylazine-guaifenesin mixture.
- Arterial blood samples are collected post-induction, then after 15 minutes and finally after 30 minutes for the blood gas analysis.
- In the study, 6 horses serve as the control group, where they only breathe ambient air, while the remaining 9 horses form the treatment group, receiving pulsed-flow oxygen during their inspiration process for the first 15 minutes post-induction, and then shifting to ambient air.
- The experiment is conducted at a height of 1300m above sea level.
- Data obtained is analyzed by one-way and two-way repeated-measures anova with post-hoc Bonferroni tests utilized for intra and inter group comparisons.
Results of the Study
- The readings of PaO2 in control group horses showed no significant change during the experimental period.
- In contrast, the horses in the treatment group displayed a significant increment in their PaO2 levels after 15-minute post-induction, these levels were higher than both baseline values and the 30-minute post-induction results.
Conclusions
- The research concludes that using pulsed-flow delivery of oxygen is effective in enhancing PaO2 levels in horses under field anesthesia, especially when employing the ketamine-xylazine-guaifenesin anesthetic mixture.
- The increase in blood oxygen concentration could alleviate hypoxemia during field anesthetization of horses, making the portable oxygen concentrator potentially useful to veterinarians in the field.
Cite This Article
APA
Coutu P, Caulkett N, Pang D, Boysen S.
(2015).
Efficacy of a portable oxygen concentrator with pulsed delivery for treatment of hypoxemia during equine field anesthesia.
Vet Anaesth Analg, 42(5), 518-526.
https://doi.org/10.1111/vaa.12246 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Veterinary and Clinical Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Veterinary and Clinical Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Veterinary and Clinical Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Veterinary and Clinical Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
MeSH Terms
- Anesthesia, Intravenous / veterinary
- Animals
- Horse Diseases / therapy
- Horses / physiology
- Horses / surgery
- Hypoxia / therapy
- Hypoxia / veterinary
- Male
- Orchiectomy / veterinary
- Oxygen / administration & dosage
- Oxygen Inhalation Therapy / instrumentation
- Oxygen Inhalation Therapy / veterinary
- Point-of-Care Systems / standards
- Prospective Studies
Citations
This article has been cited 4 times.- Beier SL, de Lima MPA, de Sousa FG, Silva RA, Fagundes N, Bovi MF, Tôrres RCS. Comparison of two sedation protocols for diagnostic radiography in dogs with hip dysplasia.. Vet Anim Sci 2023 Jun;20:100294.
- Amari M, Brioschi FA, Rabbogliatti V, Di Cesare F, Pecile A, Giordano A, Moretti P, Magnone W, Bonato F, Ravasio G. Comparison of two injectable anaesthetic protocols in Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) undergoing gonadectomy.. Sci Rep 2022 Sep 24;12(1):15962.
- Aoki M, Wakuno A, Kushiro A, Mae N, Kakizaki M, Nagata SI, Ohta M. Evaluation of total intravenous anesthesia with propofol-guaifenesin-medetomidine and alfaxalone-guaifenesin-medetomidine in Thoroughbred horses undergoing castration.. J Vet Med Sci 2017 Dec 22;79(12):2011-2018.
- Burn J, Caulkett NA, Gunn M, Cooney C, Kutz SJ, Boysen SR. Evaluation of a portable oxygen concentrator to provide fresh gas flow to dogs undergoing anesthesia.. Can Vet J 2016 Jun;57(6):614-8.
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