Efficacy of four anthelmintics against benzimidazole-resistant cyathostomes of horses.
Abstract: In order to confirm benzimidazole resistance as recommended at a workshop of the Commission of the European Communities the isolate 'E' of cyathostome strongyles originating from a stud where benzimidazole resistance had been demonstrated by egg hatch tests and by egg count reduction tests was investigated in two series of critical tests. Each of 11 foals reared strongyle-free was infected with 130,000 third stage cyathostome larvae. One animal remained untreated, two pairs of foals were treated with paste formulations of the (pro)benzimidazoles cambendazole (20 mg/kg bodyweight) or febantel (6 mg/kg bodyweight) and two groups of three foals were given pastes containing the non-benzimidazole drugs pyrantel pamoate (19 mg/kg bodyweight) or ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg bodyweight) either at 101 days (trial 1) or at 59 to 62 days (trial 2) after infection. Strongyles were counted in faecal samples collected daily between treatment and post mortem examination five or seven days later and worm burdens were counted in the intestinal contents and mucosal digests. Nine species of the cyathostome subfamily were found in the infected foals. The numbers of luminal stages were reduced by only 3.1 and 20.2 (mean 7.9) per cent by cambendazole and by 13.6 and 32.8 (mean 21.3) per cent by febantel in the individual animals. However, pyrantel pamoate (93.6 to 98.2, mean 96.3 per cent reduction) and ivermectin (100 per cent reduction) were highly effective. These trials provide the first report of benzimidazole resistant Cylicostephanus poculatus anywhere in the world and demonstrate (pro)benzimidazole resistance in seven other species for the first time in Europe.
Publication Date: 1987-03-28 PubMed ID: 3590562DOI: 10.1136/vr.120.13.293Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research paper discusses a study that aimed to evaluate the efficacy of four anthelmintics (anti-parasitic drugs) on benzimidazole-resistant strains of Cyathostome strongyles in horses. The study concluded that two non-benzimidazole drugs, pyrantel pamoate and ivermectin, were highly effective against these strains, unlike the benzimidazoles cambendazole and febantel.
Research Objective and Methodology
- The study aimed to verify the prevalence of benzimidazole resistance in cyathostome strongyles, a type of parasitic worm found in horses.
- The researchers used isolate ‘E’ of cyathostome strongyles, originating from a stud where resistance to benzimidazoles was previously confirmed by egg hatch tests and egg count reduction tests.
- Each of the 11 foals investigated in the study was infected with 130,000 third stage cyathostome larvae. The foals were then divided into different groups and treated with either benzimidazoles (cambendazole or febantel) or non-benzimidazoles drugs (pyrantel pamoate or ivermectin).
Results and Findings
- The results indicated that the two benzimidazoles tested, cambendazole and febantel, were ineffective against the benzimidazole-resistant cyathostome strongyles, resulting in only marginal reduction in the number of luminal stages.
- Meanwhile, the non-benzimidazole drugs pyrantel pamoate and ivermectin showed a high level of effectiveness, leading to a substantial reduction in the number of luminal stages (over 96% and 100% respectively).
- They also discovered benzimidazole resistance in seven other species for the first time in Europe and witnessed the first global report of the resistance in Cylicostephanus poculatus.
Conclusions and Implications
- The study successfully demonstrated the emergence of benzimidazole-resistant cyathostomes, suggesting a need to revisit and revise current practices of parasite control in horses.
- It also provided evidence that non-benzimidazole drugs like pyrantel pamoate and ivermectin are more effective in treating benzimidazole-resistant cyathostomes.
- This could significantly impact veterinary practices and parasite control measures, potentially leading to changes in choice of anthelmintics used for horses in cases of benzimidazole resistance.
Cite This Article
APA
Bürger HJ, Bauer C.
(1987).
Efficacy of four anthelmintics against benzimidazole-resistant cyathostomes of horses.
Vet Rec, 120(13), 293-296.
https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.120.13.293 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Anthelmintics / pharmacology
- Anthelmintics / therapeutic use
- Benzimidazoles / pharmacology
- Benzimidazoles / therapeutic use
- Cambendazole / therapeutic use
- Drug Resistance
- Feces / parasitology
- Guanidines / therapeutic use
- Horses
- Intestine, Large / parasitology
- Ivermectin / therapeutic use
- Parasite Egg Count / veterinary
- Pyrantel / analogs & derivatives
- Pyrantel Pamoate / therapeutic use
- Strongyle Infections, Equine / drug therapy
- Strongyloidea / drug effects
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Lyons ET, Kuzmina TA, Tolliver SC, Collins SS. Observations on development of natural infection and species composition of small strongyles in young equids in Kentucky.. Parasitol Res 2011 Dec;109(6):1529-35.
- Lyons ET, Tolliver SC, Collins SS. Probable reason why small strongyle EPG counts are returning "early" after ivermectin treatment of horses on a farm in Central Kentucky.. Parasitol Res 2009 Feb;104(3):569-74.
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