Endotoxemia in horses: protection provided by antiserum to core lipopolysaccharide.
Abstract: An equine antiserum to core lipopolysaccharide was produced by inoculation of 6 horses with a boiled cell bacterin made from the J-5 mutant of Escherichia coli O111:B4. The antiserum immunoglobulin G titer to J-5 mutant E coli, as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, was 1:15,006. Pooled serum prepared before inoculation (preimmune serum) had a J-5 immunoglobulin G titer of 1:350. The J-5 antiserum was tested for its protective efficacy in sublethal endotoxemia in 14 horses. Four horses served as nontreated controls and were given nothing before endotoxin challenge exposure (10 micrograms/kg of body weight, IV). Pooled preimmune serum (3 ml/kg, IV) was administered to 5 horses and J-5 antiserum (3 ml/kg, IV) was administered to 5 other horses 2 to 15 hours before endotoxin challenge exposure. During the 24 hours postendotoxin challenge exposure, endotoxemia was accompanied by significant (P less than 0.05) time-related changes in temperature, heart rate, pulse character, respiratory rate and character, capillary refill time, mucous membrane color, fecal composition, attitude, PCV, total plasma protein, WBC count, platelet count, plasma fibrinogen, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinolytic degradation products, plasma glucose, and plasma lactate in all horses. There were no apparent treatment vs time interactions (P greater than 0.05). Two horses (1 control and 1 given J-5 antiserum) died suddenly from unknown causes immediately after endotoxin challenge exposure. Seemingly, equine antiserum to core lipopolysaccharide did not provide protection from the adverse effects of experimental endotoxemia produced by bolus IV infusion of 10 micrograms of endotoxin/kg.
Publication Date: 1986-03-01 PubMed ID: 3516025
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Research Support
- U.S. Gov't
- P.H.S.
- Adverse Effects
- Antibodies
- Antisera
- Clinical Study
- Clinical Symptoms
- Diagnosis
- Disease
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Treatment
- Endotoxin
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
- Equine Health
- Escherichia coli
- Experimental Methods
- Horses
- Immunoglobulin G
- Infection
- Infectious Disease
- Lipopolysaccharide
- Physiology
- Veterinary Medicine
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The researchers investigated the protection offered by equine antiserum against a potent bacterial toxin, lipopolysaccharide, in horses. Unfortunately, the antiserum did not exhibit significant protective effects against symptoms of endotoxemia produced by the toxin.
Overview of the experiment
- The researchers made an equine antiserum to the core lipopolysaccharide by injecting 6 horses with a special bacterin made from a mutant strain of Escherichia coli (E.coli) named J-5.
- To examine the efficacy of their antiserum, they induced sublethal endotoxemia in 14 horses. Four horses served as non-treated controls and received nothing before being exposed to the endotoxin challenge. Five horses were given ‘preimmune serum’ (serum collected before horses were inoculated with the J-5 mutant E.coli) while 5 other horses were administered the J-5 antiserum. The horses received these treatments 2 to 15 hours before being exposed to endotoxin challenge.
Observations and findings
- Different physiological parameters, such as temperature, heart rate, pulse character, respiratory rate, capillary refill time, mucous membrane color, fecal composition, attitude, and various blood indicators, changed significantly in response to endotoxemia in all horses, irrespective of whether they were treated with antiserum or not.
- There was no clear evidence to suggest that these changes were influenced by the antiserum treatment (i.e., there were no treatment vs time interactions).
- Two horses (one control and one treated with antiserum) died suddenly for unknown reasons immediately after endotoxin exposure.
Conclusions
- Contrary to the researchers’ expectations, the equine antiserum to core lipopolysaccharide did not protect against the adverse effects of endotoxemia produced by the intravenous administration of endotoxin.
- This study sheds light on the outcomes of using this particular antiserum as a protective measure in the face of bacterial infections, but it also suggests the need for further research to develop more effective treatments against endotoxemia.
Cite This Article
APA
Morris DD, Whitlock RH, Corbeil LB.
(1986).
Endotoxemia in horses: protection provided by antiserum to core lipopolysaccharide.
Am J Vet Res, 47(3), 544-550.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Body Temperature
- Escherichia coli Infections / immunology
- Escherichia coli Infections / physiopathology
- Escherichia coli Infections / veterinary
- Heart Rate
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horse Diseases / physiopathology
- Horses
- Immune Sera / administration & dosage
- Immunization, Passive
- Lipopolysaccharides / immunology
- Respiration
- Shock, Septic / immunology
- Shock, Septic / physiopathology
- Shock, Septic / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Mitov IG, Terziiski DG. Immunoprophylaxis and immunotherapy of gram-negative sepsis and shock with antibodies to core glycolipids and lipid A of bacterial lipopolysaccharides. Infection 1991 Nov-Dec;19(6):383-90.
- Vaid J. Bacteraemia in man and animals: an overview. Vet Res Commun 1991;15(5):341-62.
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