Engineered nanoparticles toxicity on adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells: A preliminary investigation.
Abstract: Nanoscience and nanotechnologies have recently gained importance in several fields, such as industry and medicine. A big issue of the increasing application of nanomaterials is the poor literature regarding their potential toxicity in humans and animals. Recently, adult stem cells have been proposed as putative targets of nanoparticles (NPs). This study aims to investigate the effects of zerovalent-metallic NPs on isolated and amplified equine Adipose tissue derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (eAdMSCs). Cells were treated with Cobalt (Co-), Iron (Fe-), and Nickel (Ni-) nanoparticles (NPs) at different concentrations and were characterized for the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of exposure. Treatment with NPs resulted in reduced cell viability and proliferative capability in comparison with untreated cells. However, this did not influence eAdMSCs potency, as treated cells were able to differentiate towards the adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. Ni- and Fe-NPs showed cytoplasmic localization, while Co-NPs entered the nucleus and mitochondria, suggesting a potential genotoxic activity. Regarding p53 expression, it was enhanced in the first 48 h after treatments, with a drastic reduction of expression within 72 h. Higher p53 expression was reported in the case of Co-NP treatment, suggesting the tumorigenic potential of these NPs. Telomerase activity was enhanced by Fe- and Ni-NP treatments in a concentration- and time-dependent way. This was not true for Co-NP treated samples, suggesting a reduced replicative capacity of eAdMSCs upon Co-NP exposure. The present study is a preliminary investigation of the influence exerted by NPs on eAdMSC physiological activity in terms of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects. The present results revealed eAdMSC physiology to be strongly influenced by NPs in a dose-, time- and NP-dependent way.
Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2022-08-08 PubMed ID: 35969916DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.08.002Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article investigates the impact of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) on the physiological activity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells derived from equine adipose tissue. The study revealed that cellular proliferation and viability are reduced upon NP treatment; however, the cells’ ability to differentiate into other types is not affected indicating the nanoparticles toxicity and their potential genotoxic activity.
Research Intent and Methodology
- The study explores the potential toxicity of zerovalent-metallic nanoparticles on equine Adipose tissue-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (eAdMSCs), a rapidly developing field due to the widespread usage of nanomaterials in various sectors.
- Cobalt (Co-), Iron (Fe-), and Nickel (Ni-) nanoparticles were used to treat eAdMSCs at varied concentrations to study the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects.
Observations from the Research
- The research found that treatment with nanoparticles led to decreased cell viability and proliferative capability compared to untreated cells.
- Despite the adverse effects on cell viability and proliferation, the nanoparticles did not affect the stem cells’ differentiation ability towards adipogenic and osteogenic lineages.
- Different nanoparticles showed varied localization patterns: Ni- and Fe-NPs were found in the cytoplasm, whereas Co-NPs entered the nucleus and mitochondria, suggesting potential genotoxic activity of Co-NPs.
Key Findings and Conclusions
- The expression of the p53 protein, a significant regulator of cell cycle and apoptosis, was enhanced in the initial 48 hours post-treatments but dramatically reduced by 72 hours. The highest p53 expression was noticed with Cobalt-NPs treatment, indicating their possible tumorigenic potential.
- Telomerase activity, linked to stem cell proliferation and vitality, increased with Fe- and Ni-NP treatments in a concentration- and time-reliant manner. However, this was not seen with Co-NP treated samples, implying a reduced replicative capacity of eAdMSCs with Co-NP exposure.
- The influence of NPs on eAdMSC’s physiological activity is largely dependent on the type, dose, and duration of exposure to the NPs.
Cite This Article
APA
Cacciamali A, Pascucci L, Villa R, Dotti S.
(2022).
Engineered nanoparticles toxicity on adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells: A preliminary investigation.
Res Vet Sci, 152, 134-149.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.08.002 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia-Romagna, Laboratorio di Controllo di Prodotti Biologici, Centro di Referenza Nazionale per i Metodi Alternativi, Benessere e Cura degli Animali da Laboratorio, 25124 Brescia, Italy. Electronic address: andrea.cacciamali@izsler.it.
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy. Electronic address: luisa.pascucci@unipg.it.
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia-Romagna, Laboratorio di Controllo di Prodotti Biologici, Centro di Referenza Nazionale per i Metodi Alternativi, Benessere e Cura degli Animali da Laboratorio, 25124 Brescia, Italy. Electronic address: riccardo.villa@izsler.it.
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia-Romagna, Laboratorio di Controllo di Prodotti Biologici, Centro di Referenza Nazionale per i Metodi Alternativi, Benessere e Cura degli Animali da Laboratorio, 25124 Brescia, Italy. Electronic address: silvia.dotti@izsler.it.
MeSH Terms
- Humans
- Horses
- Animals
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells
- Metal Nanoparticles / toxicity
- Cell Survival
- Nanoparticles
- Iron
Conflict of Interest Statement
Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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