Equid herpesvirus 1 (EHV1) infection of equine mesenchymal stem cells induces a pUL56-dependent downregulation of select cell surface markers.
Abstract: Equid herpesvirus 1 (EHV1) is an ubiquitous alphaherpesvirus that can cause respiratory disease, abortion and central nervous disorders. EHV1 is known to infect a variety of different cell types in vitro, but its tropism for cultured primary equine mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) has never been explored. We report that equine MSC were highly permissive for EHV1 and supported lytic replication of the virus in vitro. Interestingly, we observed that an infection of MSC with EHV1 resulted in a consistent downregulation of cell surface molecules CD29 (β1-integrin), CD105 (endoglin), major histocompatibility complex type I (MHCI) and a variable downregulation of CD172a. In contrast, expression of CD44 and CD90 remained unchanged upon wild type infection. In addition, we found that this selective EHV1-mediated downregulation of cell surface proteins was dependent on the viral protein UL56 (pUL56). So far, pUL56-dependent downregulation during EHV1 infection of equine cells has only been described for MHCI, but our present data indicate that pUL56 may have a broader function in downregulating cell surface proteins. Taken together, our results are the first to show that equine MSC are susceptible for EHV1 and that pUL56 induces downregulation of several cell surface molecules on infected cells. These findings provide a basis for future studies to evaluate the mechanisms underlying for this selective pUL56-induced downregulation and to evaluate the potential role of MSC during EHV1 pathogenesis.
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2014-12-23 PubMed ID: 25582614DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.12.013Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research explored how Equid herpesvirus 1 (EHV1) affects equine mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), specifically noting how the presence of the virus induced a significant reduction in select cell surface proteins. This was observed to be dependent on the presence of a particular viral protein, UL56 (pUL56).
Key findings:
- The study discovered that the Equid herpesvirus 1 (EHV1) can infect equine mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Previously, the potential of EHV1 to infect these types of cells wasn’t explored.
- Equine MSC was found to be highly receptive to EHV1 and supported the viral replication process.
- The research also showed that EHV1 infection resulted in a downregulation of several cell surface proteins, specifically CD29 (β1-integrin), CD105 (endoglin), and major histocompatibility complex type I (MHCI). There was a variable reduction in CD172a. However, the expression of CD44 and CD90 remained the same after infection.
- This selective downregulation of cell surface proteins during EHV1 infection was dependent on the viral protein UL56 (pUL56). Before this study, pUL56-dependent downregulation during EHV1 infection was only observed for MHCI.
Implications and Future Research:
- The significant findings of this study indicate that pUL56 may have a wider role in downregulating cell surface proteins. This could lead to further research on the potential broad function of pUL56.
- The demonstrated susceptibility of equine MSC to EHV1 and the subsequent influence of pUL56 provides a robust basis for additional research. The focus of future studies could be to investigate the mechanisms that underpin this selective pUL56-induced downregulation.
- The findings additionally point to the potential for evaluating the role of MSC in EHV1 pathogenesis in future scientific work.
Cite This Article
APA
Claessen C, Favoreel H, Ma G, Osterrieder N, De Schauwer C, Piepers S, Van de Walle GR.
(2014).
Equid herpesvirus 1 (EHV1) infection of equine mesenchymal stem cells induces a pUL56-dependent downregulation of select cell surface markers.
Vet Microbiol, 176(1-2), 32-39.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.12.013 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
- Institut für Virologie, Freie Universität Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
- Institut für Virologie, Freie Universität Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Obstetrics, Reproduction and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
- Department of Obstetrics, Reproduction and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA. Electronic address: grv23@cornell.edu.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral / immunology
- Biomarkers / metabolism
- Cell Line
- Cells, Cultured
- Down-Regulation
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
- Herpesviridae Infections / virology
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / genetics
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / immunology
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / physiology
- Horses
- Host-Pathogen Interactions
- Membrane Proteins / genetics
- Membrane Proteins / metabolism
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells / virology
- Viral Proteins / genetics
- Viral Proteins / metabolism
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Delva JL, Daled S, Van Waesberghe C, Almey R, Jansens RJJ, Deforce D, Dhaenens M, Favoreel HW. Proteomic Comparison of Three Wild-Type Pseudorabies Virus Strains and the Attenuated Bartha Strain Reveals Reduced Incorporation of Several Tegument Proteins in Bartha Virions.. J Virol 2022 Dec 21;96(24):e0115822.
- Calle A, Zamora-Ceballos M, Bárcena J, Blanco E, Ramírez MÁ. Comparison of Biological Features of Wild European Rabbit Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Different Tissues.. Int J Mol Sci 2022 Jun 8;23(12).
- Merlo B, Baldassarro VA, Flagelli A, Marcoccia R, Giraldi V, Focarete ML, Giacomini D, Iacono E. Peptide Mediated Adhesion to Beta-Lactam Ring of Equine Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Pilot Study.. Animals (Basel) 2022 Mar 15;12(6).
- Taechangam N, Kol A, Arzi B, Borjesson DL. Multipotent Stromal Cells and Viral Interaction: Current Implications for Therapy.. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022 Jan;18(1):214-227.
- Daniel GR, Sollars PJ, Pickard GE, Smith GA. The pseudorabies virus protein, pUL56, enhances virus dissemination and virulence but is dispensable for axonal transport.. Virology 2016 Jan 15;488:179-86.
- Huang T, Ma G, Osterrieder N. Equine Herpesvirus 1 Multiply Inserted Transmembrane Protein pUL43 Cooperates with pUL56 in Downregulation of Cell Surface Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I.. J Virol 2015 Jun;89(12):6251-63.
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