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Clinical and experimental immunology2002; 129(2); 281-287; doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2002.01463.x

Equid herpesvirus 1 infection of endothelial cells requires activation of putative adhesion molecules: an in vitro model.

Abstract: Antisera to activated equine endothelial cells, which detected surface molecules of 116 kD, 97 kD, 42 kD and 38 kD, were made to investigate the role of endothelial adhesion molecules in equid herpes virus 1 infection. These putative adhesion molecules could be induced by 17-beta oestradiol, chorionic gonadotrophin, or IL-2, as well as by LPS and PWM. In an in vitro flow system, using equine veins or arteries, equid herpesvirus 1 in leucocytes was only transferred to infect endothelial cells if both leucocytes and endothelial cells expressed these surface molecules. Blocking of the membrane molecules with polyclonal antibodies prevented transfer of virus to the endothelial cells, indicating that the adhesion molecules had a key role in effecting transfer of virus. These in vitro observations give particular insight into the reports that in the natural course of infection in horses infection of endothelial cells is restricted to certain tissues, and in a wider context the results illustrate the complexity of factors that may direct tissue tropism.
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Publication Date: 2002-08-08 PubMed ID: 12165084PubMed Central: PMC1906444DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2002.01463.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research study investigates the role of endothelial adhesion molecules in equine herpesvirus 1 infection and demonstrates that these molecules play a key part in the transmission of the virus to endothelial cells in horses.

Objective

The main objective of this research was to understand the role of endothelial adhesion molecules in the infection process of equine herpesvirus 1. These molecules – of size 116 kD, 97 kD, 42 kD, and 38 kD – represented on the surface of activated equine endothelial cells, were induced and their interaction with the virus was studied in an in vitro flow system based on equine veins or arteries.

  • The exact mechanism of equine herpesvirus 1 transmission to endothelial cells was a focal point of inquiry.
  • These endothelial adhesion molecules were stimulated using 17-beta oestradiol, chorionic gonadotrophin, or IL-2, along with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM).

Methodology & Findings

Experiments revealed that the equine herpesvirus 1 could only infect endothelial cells when both leucocytes (white blood cells) and the endothelial cells displayed these surface molecules. Should these conditions be met, the virus housed in leucocytes gets transferred to the endothelial cells.

  • Polyclonal antibodies were then used to block these membrane molecules to study the effect on the virus transfer.
  • The research found that the blocking of these molecules halted the transfer of virus to endothelial cells.
  • Therefore, it was concluded that the presence of these adhesion molecules is crucial for transferring the herpesvirus 1 from leucocytes to endothelial cells.

Conclusion

This study shed light on the reasons why in real-world instances, the herpesvirus 1 infects endothelial cells in specific tissues. The paper’s findings also pointed towards a much greater complexity in the series of factors that influence tissue tropism, which is the phenomenon of viruses infecting specific types of cells or tissue.
Additionally, the outcomes of this research provide potential avenues for further investigation on equine herpesvirus 1 infection and may contribute to the development of treatment strategies targeting these adhesion molecules.

Cite This Article

APA
Smith D, Hamblin A, Edington N. (2002). Equid herpesvirus 1 infection of endothelial cells requires activation of putative adhesion molecules: an in vitro model. Clin Exp Immunol, 129(2), 281-287. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2249.2002.01463.x

Publication

Clinical and experimental immunology
ISSN: 0009-9104
NlmUniqueID: 0057202
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 129
Issue: 2
Pages: 281-287

Researcher Affiliations

Smith, D
  • Department of Pathology & Infectious Diseases, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK.
Hamblin, A
    Edington, N

      MeSH Terms

      • Animals
      • Antibodies
      • Cell Adhesion
      • Cell Adhesion Molecules / immunology
      • Endothelium, Vascular / immunology
      • Endothelium, Vascular / pathology
      • Endothelium, Vascular / virology
      • Female
      • Herpesviridae Infections / etiology
      • Herpesviridae Infections / immunology
      • Herpesviridae Infections / pathology
      • Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
      • Herpesvirus 1, Equid
      • Horse Diseases / etiology
      • Horse Diseases / immunology
      • Horse Diseases / pathology
      • Horse Diseases / virology
      • Horses
      • In Vitro Techniques
      • Leukocytes / immunology
      • Leukocytes / pathology
      • Leukocytes / virology

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      Citations

      This article has been cited 8 times.
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