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Veterinary microbiology2007; 129(3-4); 390-395; doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.11.034

Equine coronavirus induces apoptosis in cultured cells.

Abstract: Equine coronavirus (ECoV) was first isolated from a diarrheic foal and was found genetically similar to group II coronaviruses. However, its pathological characteristics were not adequately investigated. In our preliminary in vitro investigation, ECoV-induced cell death was observed in bovine kidney-derived MDBK cells. Based on this finding, we investigated whether the ECoV-induced CPE was apoptosis. Following ECoV infection, MDBK cells showed morphological changes such as cell rounding and detachment from the culture surface. Moreover, syncytium formation was observed as the other type of cytopathic effect in ECoV infection. Morphologic and biochemical features of apoptosis, such as nuclear fragmentation and DNA ladder formation, were also detected in ECoV-infected cells. Moreover, as is commonly observed in coronavirus infection in other animals, the activities of effecter caspases - caspase-3/7 - and initiator caspases - caspase-8 and caspase-9 - that are representative factors in the death receptor-mediated apoptotic pathway and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, respectively, were increased in ECoV-infected MDBK cells. Therefore, it was suggested that ECoV can induce apoptosis in MDBK cells via a caspase-dependent pathway. Apoptotic death of infected cells is detrimental because it causes cell and tissue destruction and inflammatory responses. Although the pathological characteristics of ECoV are largely unknown, apoptosis may be the pathological basis of lesions of the digestive system in ECoV infection.
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Publication Date: 2007-12-05 PubMed ID: 18243587PubMed Central: PMC7117270DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.11.034Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper focuses on the pathological characteristics of the Equine coronavirus (ECoV) and its ability to induce cell death in bovine kidney-derived MDBK cells through a process called apoptosis, which could possibly be the cause of lesions of the digestive system during an ECoV infection.

Introduction

  • The research first introduces us to Equine coronavirus (ECoV) which was initially isolated from a foal suffering from diarrhea.
  • Despite its genetic similarities to group II coronaviruses, its pathological effects have not been extensively studied.

Initial In Vitro Research

  • Investigations were carried out in vitro and observed that ECoV was capable of inducing cell death in MDBK cells, taken from a bovine kidney.
  • This preliminary finding led further investigations into whether this method of inducing Cell Pathogenic Effects (CPE) was through apoptosis.

Morphological Changes and Syncytium Formation

  • Upon infection by ECoV, the MDBK cells showed distinct morphological changes including cell rounding and detachment from the culture surface.
  • In addition to these effects, syncytium formation was also observed, which is another type of cytopathic effect observed during ECoV infection.

Apoptosis Indication

  • Further investigation revealed morphological and biochemical features of apoptosis, such as nuclear fragmentation and DNA ladder formation, in the ECoV-infected cells.
  • The research also saw an increase in the activities of effecter caspases – caspase-3/7 – and initiator caspases – caspase-8 and caspase-9, which are critical factors in the death receptor-mediated apoptotic pathway and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway respectively, in the infected MDBK cells.

Apoptotic Death

  • The study concludes that ECoV could induce cell death or apoptosis in MDBK cells via a caspase-dependent pathway.
  • Such apoptotic death of infected cells is harmful as it results in the destruction of cells and tissues as well as triggers inflammatory responses.
  • Though the pathological characteristics of ECoV are largely unknown, the study hypothesizes that apoptosis might be the root cause of lesions of the digestive system during an ECoV infection.

Cite This Article

APA
Suzuki K, Matsui Y, Miura Y, Sentsui H. (2007). Equine coronavirus induces apoptosis in cultured cells. Vet Microbiol, 129(3-4), 390-395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.11.034

Publication

Veterinary microbiology
ISSN: 0378-1135
NlmUniqueID: 7705469
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 129
Issue: 3-4
Pages: 390-395

Researcher Affiliations

Suzuki, Kazuhiko
  • Laboratory of Veterinary Epizootiology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan. suzuki.kazuhiko@nihon-u.ac.jp
Matsui, Yusuke
    Miura, Yasuo
      Sentsui, Hiroshi

        MeSH Terms

        • Animals
        • Apoptosis
        • Caspase 3 / metabolism
        • Caspase 7 / metabolism
        • Caspase 8 / metabolism
        • Caspase 9 / metabolism
        • Caspases / metabolism
        • Caspases, Effector / metabolism
        • Caspases, Initiator / metabolism
        • Cell Line, Tumor
        • Coronavirus / physiology
        • Coronavirus Infections / enzymology
        • Coronavirus Infections / pathology
        • Coronavirus Infections / veterinary
        • Coronavirus Infections / virology
        • Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral
        • DNA Fragmentation
        • Enzyme Activation / physiology
        • Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
        • Horse Diseases / enzymology
        • Horse Diseases / pathology
        • Horse Diseases / virology
        • Horses

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        Citations

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