Equine herpesviruses. 6. Sequential infection of horses with types 2, 3 and 1.
Abstract: The immunological and virological status of 3 foals in respect of equine herpesviruses (EHV) was established and the foals were sequentially infected with EHV2, EHV3 and EHV1. Following experimental infection with EHV2, no clinical signs of disease were observed in any foal. The inoculation of EHV3 into the genital tract resulted in lesions of the mucous membrane and perineal skin that were considered typical of equine coital exanthema. Following intransal inoculation of EHV3 extensive ulceration and pustule formation on the nasal mucosa was observed by day 5 accompanied at day 7 by a profuse, mucopurulent nasal discharge; on day 8 pustular lesions of the skin about the external nares appeared. Signs of disease after inoculation with EHV1 were milder than expected in 2 of the 3 foals. The possibility that recent, prior infection with EHV2 and/or 3 may protect against EHV1 was considered.
Publication Date: 1976-05-01 PubMed ID: 183644DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1976.tb00064.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The research investigates the immunological and virological reactions of three foals to sequential infection with different Equine Herpesviruses (EHV) – specifically EHV2, EHV3, and EHV1. The results observed provide a hint that a recent prior infection with EHV2 and/or EHV3 might provide some level of protection against EHV1.
Understanding the Methodology
- In this study, scientists established the immunological and virological baseline of three foals regarding Equine Herpesviruses (EHV).
- Later, these foals were sequentially infected with three different strains of the virus: EHV2, EHV3 and EHV1. The term ‘sequentially’ in this context means one after the other in the order specified.
Observations from the Infection with EHV2
- After the experimental infection with EHV2, no signs of disease were observed in any of the studied foals. The lack of observable clinical symptoms may give an insight into how EHV2 affects healthy foals.
Impact of EHV3 Infection
- Upon EHV3 infection within the genital tract, the foals developed lesions on the mucous membrane and perineal skin. These symptoms were recognized as typical outcomes of equine coital exanthema, a sexually transmitted disease in horses caused by this strain of EHV.
- Furthermore, when EHV3 was introduced into their systems via the nasal pathway, the researchers identified extensive ulceration and the formation of pustules on the nasal mucosa by day 5. This was then followed by the release of a considerable amount of thick, pus-filled nasal discharge by the seventh day. On the eighth day, pustular skin lesions were visible around the exterior of the nostrils.
Reactions to EHV1 Infection
- The signs of disease after EHV1 infection in two of the three foals were milder than anticipated. This raised the possibility that prior infection with EHV2 and/or EHV3 might have a protective effect against EHV1.
- This observation also suggests that the immune response triggered by the previously encountered strains of EHV could potentially lower the severity of symptoms caused by EHV1, presenting an interesting avenue for further research.
Cite This Article
APA
Wilks CR, Studdert MJ.
(1976).
Equine herpesviruses. 6. Sequential infection of horses with types 2, 3 and 1.
Aust Vet J, 52(5), 199-203.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1976.tb00064.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral / biosynthesis
- Female
- Herpesviridae / immunology
- Herpesviridae / isolation & purification
- Herpesviridae / pathogenicity
- Herpesviridae Infections / immunology
- Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / pathogenicity
- Herpesvirus 3, Equid / pathogenicity
- Horse Diseases / etiology
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horses
- Male
- Nose / microbiology
- Penis / microbiology
- Vagina / microbiology
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Toishi Y, Tsunoda N, Kirisawa R. Period of excretion of equine herpesvirus 3 (EHV-3) from a stallion before showing clinical signs of equine coital exanthema and the effect of acyclovir treatment on the duration of EHV-3 excretion. J Vet Med Sci 2020 Sep 24;82(9):1299-1305.
- Kirisawa R, Toishi Y, Akamatsu A, Soejima K, Miyashita T, Tsunoda N. Isolation of equine herpesvirus 3 (EHV-3) from equine coital exanthema of two stallions and sero-epidemiology of EHV-3 infection in Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2017 Mar 23;79(3):636-643.
- Gutekunst DE, Malmquist WA, Becvar CS. Antigenic relatedness of equine herpes virus types 1 and 3. Arch Virol 1978;56(1-2):33-45.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
