Equine infectious anemia: preparation of a liquid antigen extract for the agar-gel immunodiffusion and complement-fixation tests.
Abstract: An agar-gel immunodiffusion test recommended for the diagnosis of equine infectious anemia was evaluated. Our preliminary observations confirmed those of Coggins concerning the mechanism of the test and the results obtained. Furthermore, emphasis was put on the difficulties encountered in the production of spleen antigens with an optimum amount of reactivity. Acetone-ether extraction procedures for the preparation of a liquid antigen extract are described. This type of antigen was reactive in the complement-fixation test in 1:8 or greater dilution and it is proposed to use the complement-fixation test in assessing and standardizing the liquid antigen extract activity to be used in the immunodiffusion test. This antigen can also be concentrated or diluted, if required, to meet the reactivity of a standard antigen used in the test.
Publication Date: 1972-04-01 PubMed ID: 4259924PubMed Central: PMC1319629
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article is about improving diagnostic techniques for equine infectious anemia, specifically targeting the production of a stable liquid antigen extract for use in agar-gel immunodiffusion and complement-fixation tests.
Overview of the Research
- This research is aimed at improving diagnostic methods for Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA), a disease that affects horses. It specifically targets enhancing the agar-gel immunodiffusion test, a method used for diagnosing the disease.
- The researchers sought to address the challenges in preparing spleen antigens, elements used in the test, which should ideally possess an optimal level of reactivity.
Acetone-Ether Extraction Procedure
- The researchers explored the process of acetone-ether extraction as a method of producing a liquid antigen extract. This liquid antigen is the main ingredient used in the agar-gel immunodiffusion and complement-fixation tests.
- The extraction procedure was described in detail to offer a standard method for preparation.
Testing the Liquid Antigen Extract
- Once prepared, the liquid antigen extract was tested for reactivity – the ability to respond to the presence of antigens specific to EIA – in the complement-fixation test.
- The liquid antigen extract proved reactive in a 1:8 or greater dilution. This means that it responded adequately even when substantially diluted, indicating a high level of sensitivity.
Propositions and Practical Application
- The researchers proposed that the complement-fixation test be used to standardize the liquid antigen extract’s activity for the immunodiffusion test. By doing so, this could help maintain the consistency and accuracy of diagnosis results.
- The reactivity of the liquid antigen can be adjusted according to requirements – it can be concentrated or diluted to match the reactivity of a standard antigen used in the test.
In conclusion, this research proposes a solution to the challenges associated with preparing spleen antigens and suggests ways to standardize the antigen extract’s activity, thereby potentially improving diagnostic accuracy for Equine Infectious Anemia.
Cite This Article
APA
Boulanger P, Bannister GL, Carrier SP.
(1972).
Equine infectious anemia: preparation of a liquid antigen extract for the agar-gel immunodiffusion and complement-fixation tests.
Can J Comp Med, 36(2), 116-123.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antigens / analysis
- Complement Fixation Tests / veterinary
- Equine Infectious Anemia / immunology
- Horses
- Immunodiffusion / veterinary
- Methods
- Spleen / immunology
- Tissue Extracts
References
This article includes 3 references
- Boulanger P, Bannister GL, Ruckerbauer GM, Corner AH. Equine infectious anemia: preliminary investigation of the complement-fixation test for the demonstration of antibodies and antigen.. Can J Comp Med 1969 Apr;33(2):148-54.
- Coggins L, Norcross NL. Immunodiffusion reaction in equine infectious anemia.. Cornell Vet 1970 Apr;60(2):330-5.
- Boulanger P. Application Of The Complement-Fixation Test To The Demonstration Of Rinderpest Virus In The Tissue Of Infected Cattle Using Rabbit Antiserum. I. Results With The Kabete And Pendik Strains Of Virus.. Can J Comp Med Vet Sci 1957 Nov;21(11):379-88.
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Malmquist WA, Barnett D, Becvar CS. Production of equine infectious anemia antigen in a persistently infected cell line. Arch Gesamte Virusforsch 1973;42(4):361-70.
- Nakajima H, Ushimi C, Fukunaga Y, Hirasawa K. Preparation of equine infectious anemia virus antigen for immunodiffusion test. Arch Gesamte Virusforsch 1973;42(4):339-45.
- Carrier SP, Boulanger P, Bannister GL. Equine infectious anemia: sensitivity of the agar-gel immunodiffusion test, and the direct and the indirect complement-fixation tests for the detection of antibodies in equine serum. Can J Comp Med 1973 Apr;37(2):171-6.
- Carrier SP, Bannister GL, Boulanger P. Equine infectious anemia: activity of liquid antigen extracts in the agar-gel immunodiffusion and complement-fixation tests. Can J Comp Med 1972 Oct;36(4):377-9.
- Dulac GC, Binns M. Serological survey for Aujeszky's disease in native sows of Canada. Can Vet J 1979 Nov;20(11):318-22.
- Malmquist WA, Becvar CS. Identification of multiple equine infectious anemia antigens by immunodiffusion reactions. Can J Comp Med 1975 Oct;39(4):411-5.
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