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Acta veterinaria Scandinavica2012; 54(1); 57; doi: 10.1186/1751-0147-54-57

Equine multinodular pulmonary fibrosis in association with asinine herpesvirus type 5 and equine herpesvirus type 5: a case report.

Abstract: A standardbred gelding with a history of 10 days pyrexia and lethargy was referred to the Equine Hospital at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences in Uppsala, Sweden.The horse had tachypnea with increased respiratory effort and was in thin body condition. Laboratory findings included leukocytosis, hyperfibrinogenemia and hypoxemia. Thoracic radiographs showed signs of pneumonia with a multifocal nodular pattern, which in combination with lung biopsy findings indicated Equine Multinodular Pulmonary Fibrosis (EMPF). EMPF is a recently described disease in adult horses with clinical signs of fever, weight loss and respiratory problems. The pathological findings include loss of functional pulmonary parenchyma due to extensive nodular interstitial fibrosis which has been related to infection with the equine herpesvirus type 5 (EHV-5). In this case, lung biopsy and tracheal wash samples tested positive for both asinine herpesvirus type 5 (AHV-5) and EHV-5 using PCR assays. The horse failed to respond to treatment and was euthanized for humane reasons. Postmortem examination confirmed the diagnosis of EMPF. This case suggests that not only EHV-5 alone should be considered in association with the development of this disease.
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Publication Date: 2012-09-25 PubMed ID: 23009194PubMed Central: PMC3511884DOI: 10.1186/1751-0147-54-57Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The article reports a case of a horse diagnosed with Equine Multinodular Pulmonary Fibrosis (EMPF) that failed to respond to treatment and was eventually euthanized. The disease, often associated with equine herpesvirus type 5 (EHV-5), was in this case, found to be associated with both EHV-5 and asinine herpesvirus type 5 (AHV-5).

Case Description

  • This case dealt with a standardbred gelding that was brought to the Equine Hospital at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. The horse presented clinical signs like pyrexia and lethargy, which had been ongoing for about 10 days. It also showed increased respiratory effort, tachypnea, and was in a visibly thin body condition.

Laboratory Findings

  • The initial laboratory tests showed leukocytosis (increase in white blood cells), hyperfibrinogenemia (high levels of fibrinogen) and hypoxemia(impaired level of oxygen in the blood). These findings suggested inflammation and underlying infection.
  • Moreover, thoracic radiographs indicated signs of pneumonia characterized by a multifocal nodular pattern.

Diagnosis

  • The combination of the horse’s clinical features, lab test results and the results of a lung biopsy led to the diagnosis of Equine Multinodular Pulmonary Fibrosis (EMPF). EMPF is a disease characterized by the loss of functional pulmonary parenchyma due to extensive nodular interstitial fibrosis. Symptoms commonly associated with EMPF include fever, weight loss and respiratory issues.
  • In this case, the horse was tested for potential viral infections associated with EMPF. The lung biopsy and tracheal wash samples were tested using PCR assays and resulted in positive findings for two types of herpesviruses: the commonly associated equine herpesvirus type 5 (EHV-5) and an unexpected finding of asinine herpesvirus type 5 (AHV-5).

Treatment and Outcome

  • Despite attempts to treat the horse, it did not respond well to the treatment. For humane reasons, the decision was made to euthanize the animal.
  • A postmortem examination confirmed the diagnosis of EMPF, solidifying the association of the disease with not just EHV-5, but potentially also AHV-5.

Key Implications

  • This case highlights the novel association between EMPF and AHV-5. It suggests that while EHV-5 is widely recognized as being connected with EMPF, the possibility of other herpesviruses, like AHV-5, playing a role in the disease progression should not be overlooked.

Cite This Article

APA
Back H, Kendall A, Grandón R, Ullman K, Treiberg-Berndtsson L, Ståhl K, Pringle J. (2012). Equine multinodular pulmonary fibrosis in association with asinine herpesvirus type 5 and equine herpesvirus type 5: a case report. Acta Vet Scand, 54(1), 57. https://doi.org/10.1186/1751-0147-54-57

Publication

Acta veterinaria Scandinavica
ISSN: 1751-0147
NlmUniqueID: 0370400
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 54
Issue: 1
Pages: 57

Researcher Affiliations

Back, Helena
  • Department of Virology, Immunology and Parasitology, The National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden. helena.back@sva.se
Kendall, Anna
    Grandón, Rodrigo
      Ullman, Karin
        Treiberg-Berndtsson, Louise
          Ståhl, Karl
            Pringle, John

              MeSH Terms

              • Animals
              • DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / genetics
              • DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / metabolism
              • Fatal Outcome
              • Gammaherpesvirinae / classification
              • Gammaherpesvirinae / genetics
              • Gammaherpesvirinae / isolation & purification
              • Gammaherpesvirinae / metabolism
              • Herpesviridae Infections / diagnosis
              • Herpesviridae Infections / pathology
              • Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
              • Herpesviridae Infections / virology
              • Horse Diseases / diagnosis
              • Horse Diseases / pathology
              • Horse Diseases / virology
              • Horses
              • Male
              • Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary
              • Pulmonary Fibrosis / diagnosis
              • Pulmonary Fibrosis / pathology
              • Pulmonary Fibrosis / veterinary
              • Pulmonary Fibrosis / virology
              • Species Specificity
              • Sweden

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