Equine parafilariosis in Iran.

This research investigates the prevalence and characteristics of equine parafilariosis, a parasitic disease, in equines in different areas of Iran. It reveals the most frequently affected areas, age groups and seasons, with an effective treatment rate of 100% using a specified drug.

Objective and Methodology of the Research

The data for the research was collected from March to September 1991, across various regions of Iran. A variety of equines, including horses, donkeys, and mules were randomly selected and examined for signs of equine parafilariosis.

• An extensive study was performed on a total of 1775 animals, consisting of 1567 horses, 112 donkeys, and 96 mules.
• Clinical signs of the disease were noted and confirmed through laboratory tests.
• Thorough follow-ups were carried out on all confirmed cases to understand the epidemiological patterns of the disease.

Findings of the Research

• Out of all the animals examined, 136 cases presented with clinical signs of equine parafilariosis, originating from two northern areas and one northeastern area of Iran.
• An infection rate of 1.4% to 41.3% was recorded in these regions.
• Animals aged between 4 and 9 years were identified as the most likely to contract the disease, with infection rates between 41.1% and 73.3%.
• No clinical signs were observed in animals younger than 2 years or older than 15 years of age.

Epidemiologic Features and Climatic Conditions

The research noticed an annual pattern for the emergence of clinical signs, corresponding with the warmer months of the year. Further findings showed that the enzootic area, where the infection is maintained in the population without the need for external inputs, lies within the Caspian coast and Persian Turkman steppes. These areas are characterized by altitudes of up to 1500 meters and a temperate-wet climate.

Treatment Efficacy

The study found that a single subcutaneous injection of Ivermectin at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg body weight was 100% effective in treating infected cases, marking a significant stride in tackling this equine parasitic disease.