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Viruses2021; 13(8); doi: 10.3390/v13081599

Equine Parvovirus-Hepatitis Screening in Horses and Donkeys with Histopathologic Liver Abnormalities.

Abstract: There is strong evidence that equine parvovirus-hepatitis (EqPV-H) is associated with the onset of Theiler's disease, an acute hepatic necrosis, in horses. However, the impact of this virus on other hepatopathies remains unknown. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the prevalence and quantify the viral loads of EqPV-H in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded equine and donkey livers with various histopathologic abnormalities. The pathologies included cirrhosis, circulatory disorders of the liver, toxic and metabolic hepatic diseases as well as neoplastic and inflammatory diseases (n = 84). Eight normal liver samples were included for comparison as controls. EqPV-H DNA was qualitatively and quantitatively measured by real-time PCR and digital PCR, respectively. The virus was detected in two livers originating from horses diagnosed with abdominal neoplasia and liver metastasis (loads of 5 × 103 and 9.5 × 103 genome equivalents per million cells). The amount of viral nucleic acids measured indicates chronic infection or persistence of EqPV-H, which might have been facilitated by the neoplastic disease. In summary, this study did not provide evidence for EqPV-H being involved in hepatopathies other than Theiler's disease.
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Publication Date: 2021-08-12 PubMed ID: 34452465PubMed Central: PMC8402897DOI: 10.3390/v13081599Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research study investigates the prevalence of Equine Parvovirus-Hepatitis (EqPV-H) in horses and donkeys with different liver disorders. The study found that EqPV-H, which is closely linked to a type of liver disease (Theiler’s disease), didn’t appear to be involved in other liver diseases beyond Theiler’s.

Study Objectives and Methodology

  • The main goal of this retrospective study was to evaluate the occurrence and quantify the viral loads of EqPV-H in various liver samples from horses and donkeys with different liver abnormalities. These abnormalities included conditions like cirrhosis, liver-related circulatory disorders, toxic and metabolic liver diseases, and neoplastic and inflammatory diseases.
  • A total of 84 liver samples with pathological abnormalities were examined. As a point of reference, eight normal liver samples were also included in the study.
  • The EqPV-H DNA was detected and quantified by using real-time PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and digital PCR techniques, respectively.

Findings of the Study

  • The research found EqPV-H presence in two liver samples taken from horses diagnosed with abdominal neoplasia and liver metastasis.
  • The quantities of viral nucleic acid measured in these cases suggest either chronic infection or continued presence of EqPV-H, which might have been facilitated by the presence of the neoplastic disease (a condition related to abnormal tissue growth).
  • However, this study did not find evidence for EqPV-H being connected with other liver diseases beyond Theiler’s disease, a specific type of acute liver necrosis.

Conclusion

  • The study concluded by re-emphasizing that EqPV-H, while strongly linked with Theiler’s disease, does not seem to have relevance in other types of liver diseases in horses and donkeys.

Cite This Article

APA
Zehetner V, Cavalleri JV, Klang A, Hofer M, Preining I, Steinborn R, Ramsauer AS. (2021). Equine Parvovirus-Hepatitis Screening in Horses and Donkeys with Histopathologic Liver Abnormalities. Viruses, 13(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/v13081599

Publication

Viruses
ISSN: 1999-4915
NlmUniqueID: 101509722
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 13
Issue: 8

Researcher Affiliations

Zehetner, Verena
  • Internal Medicine, University Equine Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
Cavalleri, Jessika-M V
  • Internal Medicine, University Equine Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
Klang, Andrea
  • Department for Pathobiology, Institute of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
Hofer, Martin
  • Genomics Core Facility, VetCore, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
Preining, Irina
  • Internal Medicine, University Equine Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
Steinborn, Ralf
  • Genomics Core Facility, VetCore, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
Ramsauer, Anna S
  • Internal Medicine, University Equine Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Equidae / virology
  • Female
  • Hepatitis Viruses / genetics
  • Hepatitis, Viral, Animal / diagnosis
  • Hepatitis, Viral, Animal / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / diagnosis
  • Horse Diseases / virology
  • Horses / virology
  • Liver / pathology
  • Liver / virology
  • Liver Diseases / diagnosis
  • Liver Diseases / epidemiology
  • Liver Diseases / veterinary
  • Liver Diseases / virology
  • Male
  • Mass Screening / veterinary
  • Parvoviridae Infections / diagnosis
  • Parvoviridae Infections / epidemiology
  • Parvovirus / genetics
  • Parvovirus / isolation & purification
  • Persistent Infection / diagnosis
  • Persistent Infection / virology
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Serologic Tests
  • Viral Load

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Jager MC, Choi E, Tomlinson JE, Van de Walle G. Naturally acquired equine parvovirus-hepatitis is associated with a wide range of hepatic lesions in horses. Vet Pathol 2024 May;61(3):442-452.
    doi: 10.1177/03009858231214024pubmed: 38018088google scholar: lookup
  2. Jager MC, Tomlinson JE, Henry CE, Fahey MJ, Van de Walle GR. Prevalence and pathology of equine parvovirus-hepatitis in racehorses from New York racetracks. Virol J 2022 Nov 1;19(1):175.
    doi: 10.1186/s12985-022-01901-3pubmed: 36320007google scholar: lookup
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