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Veterinary microbiology2013; 167(1-2); 78-85; doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.05.012

Equine picornaviruses: well known but poorly understood.

Abstract: Of the many members that comprise the family Picornaviridae, only two species are known to infect horses: equine rhinitis A virus (ERAV) and equine rhinitis B virus (ERBV). Each species now occupies a distinct phylogenetic branch within the family, with the single serotype of ERAV grouping with the aphthoviruses, such as foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), and the three serotypes of ERBV as the sole members of the genus Erbovirus. The high seroprevalence of equine picornaviruses in horse populations worldwide contrasts with the relatively few reports of detection of these viruses and poor understanding of their contribution to disease. This review examines the current knowledge regarding the distribution and pathogenesis of these viruses and discusses recent advances in diagnostic methods that may lead to a better understanding of the role of these viruses as contributors to equine respiratory disease.
Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2013-06-10 PubMed ID: 23820049DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.05.012Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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The research article provides a review of the current knowledge about equine picornaviruses – specifically equine rhinitis A virus (ERAV) and equine rhinitis B virus (ERBV) – their global prevalence, the lack of detection, and their contribution to respiratory diseases in horses.

Overview of Equine Picornaviruses

  • This research reviews two species of the Picornaviridae family known to infect horses – equine rhinitis A virus (ERAV) and equine rhinitis B virus (ERBV).
  • Each of these species belongs to a unique phylogenetic branch. The ERAV, which has a single serotype, is grouped with aphthoviruses like the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV).
  • The ERBV, on the other hand, has three serotypes and is the only member of the Erbovirus genus.

Prevalence and Detection of Equine Picornaviruses

  • The research points out the contradiction between the high seroprevalence of equine picornaviruses in horse populations globally and the relatively minimal reports of their detection.
  • This discrepancy suggests a poorer understanding of these viruses’ role in causing diseases.

Distribution and Pathogenesis of Equine Picornaviruses

  • This review also delves into the distribution and possible pathogenesis of ERAV and ERBV, offering insights on how they may cause respiratory diseases.
  • However, it also implies that more research is needed to fully understand these viruses and their impact on horse health.

Advances in Diagnostic Methods

  • Finally, the paper discusses recent advancements in diagnostic methods that could help provide a better understanding of equine picornaviruses.
  • These new methods could potentially highlight the role of these viruses in equine respiratory diseases, paving the way for targeted treatment strategies.

Cite This Article

APA
Horsington J, Lynch SE, Gilkerson JR, Studdert MJ, Hartley CA. (2013). Equine picornaviruses: well known but poorly understood. Vet Microbiol, 167(1-2), 78-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.05.012

Publication

Veterinary microbiology
ISSN: 1873-2542
NlmUniqueID: 7705469
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 167
Issue: 1-2
Pages: 78-85

Researcher Affiliations

Horsington, Jacquelyn
  • Centre for Equine Infectious Disease, Department of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Lynch, Stacey E
    Gilkerson, James R
      Studdert, Michael J
        Hartley, Carol A

          MeSH Terms

          • Animals
          • Horse Diseases / diagnosis
          • Horse Diseases / virology
          • Horses
          • Phylogeny
          • Picornaviridae / classification
          • Picornaviridae / genetics
          • Picornaviridae / physiology
          • Picornaviridae Infections / diagnosis
          • Picornaviridae Infections / pathology
          • Picornaviridae Infections / veterinary

          Citations

          This article has been cited 11 times.
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