Equine salmonellosis in southern Brazil.
Abstract: The Salmonella sp. genus is identified in several species, and the zoonosis it causes is one of the most important types worldwide. The specifics of salmonellosis vary according to the function of the serovar involved, the species affected, age and predisposing factors. However, few cases of equine salmonellosis have been reported. This study presents ten confirmed salmonellosis cases in equines in southern Brazil. Six were adult animals with stress factors preceding the disease, while four were foals, three of which presented with hyperacute manifestations. The main clinical signs were diarrhea, anorexia, and hyperthermia. Lesions varied in distribution and severity, although fibrinonecrotic or necrohemorrhagic enteritis was observed in all animals, mainly in the large intestine (large colon and cecum-8/10) and small intestine (3/10). Substantial liquid content, mainly hemorrhagic, was observed in all animals. The most characteristic microscopic lesion was mucosa necrosis, which is often accompanied by fibrin deposition, followed by necrosis of follicular centers and vascular changes. Bacterial isolation revealed seven isolates. Five were serotyped, and the serovars Typhimurium and Anatum were associated with two cases each, while Muenster was associated with a case whose lesion pattern varied. Immunohistochemical staining was positive in all cases. All diagnoses were based on the clinical history, macroscopic and histological lesions, and the bacterial isolation and/or immunostaining associated with histological lesions.
Publication Date: 2016-12-24 PubMed ID: 28013440DOI: 10.1007/s11250-016-1216-1Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
This research studied cases of salmonella infection in horses in southern Brazil and is crucial to understanding the disease presentation, clinical signs, lesions, and different salmonella subtypes involved.
Overview of the Research
- This scientific study examines the occurrence of ten confirmed cases of salmonella infection, also known as salmonellosis, in horses (equines) in Southern Brazil.
- The research emphasizes a few cases of Equine Salmonellosis and stresses the need for further studies.
- The study aims to add to current knowledge on salmonellosis, a serious zoonotic disease that affects several species, including animals and humans.
Key Findings in the Animals Studied
- Among the infected horses, six were adults which had stress factors preceding the disease, while the four remaining were foals, three of which presented severe symptoms abruptly.
- Main observable clinical signs of the disease were diarrhea, anorexia, and increased body temperature or hyperthermia.
- Most animals presented with fibrinonecrotic or necrohemorrhagic enteritis. Lesions were found mainly in the large intestine and, in some cases, small intestine.
- All afflicted animals had substantial liquid content, primarily hemorrhagic, observed within them.
Microscopic Observations and Bacterial Isolation
- Necrosis or death of mucosa tissue, often accompanied by fibrin deposition, was observed under a microscope.
- In addition to these, necrosis of follicular centers and vascular changes were also witnessed.
- Isolation of bacteria from the infected animals yielded seven Salmonella isolates.
- Out of these seven, five were identified to serotypes, which are a way to classify different variations of the Salmonella bacteria.
- Two types, Typhimurium and Anatum, were each associated with two cases, while another serotype, Muenster, was linked with one case that had a varying lesion pattern.
Diagnosis and Conclusions
- All cases of salmonellosis were diagnosed based on the horses’ clinical history, observed macroscopic and histological lesions, and the corresponding bacterial isolation and/or immunostaining.
- Immunohistochemical staining, which helps detect the presence of certain proteins in tissue samples, was positive in all cases.
- This indicates that salmonella bacteria caused the disease in all ten studied horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Juffo GD, Bassuino DM, Gomes DC, Wurster F, Pissetti C, Pavarini SP, Driemeier D.
(2016).
Equine salmonellosis in southern Brazil.
Trop Anim Health Prod, 49(3), 475-482.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-016-1216-1 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves, no. 9090, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Department of Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves, no. 9090, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and Zootecnia, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
- Department of Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves, no. 9090, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
- Department of Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves, no. 9090, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Department of Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves, no. 9090, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. davetpat@ufrgs.br.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Brazil / epidemiology
- Diarrhea
- Horse Diseases / epidemiology
- Horse Diseases / microbiology
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horses
- Intestine, Small
- Intestines / pathology
- Salmonella / isolation & purification
- Salmonella Infections / microbiology
- Salmonella Infections, Animal / epidemiology
- Salmonella Infections, Animal / microbiology
- Salmonella Infections, Animal / pathology
References
This article includes 22 references
- Vet Pathol. 2012 Mar;49(2):255-63
- J Vet Diagn Invest. 1991 Jul;3(3):223-7
- J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2004 Jul 15;225(2):275-81
- Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract. 2006 Aug;22(2):437-79, ix
- Res Microbiol. 2007 Mar;158(2):122-7
- Braz J Med Biol Res. 2003 Jan;36(1):3-12
- J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1978 Feb 1;172(3):353-6
- Can Vet J. 2002 Jun;43(6):443-53
- Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract. 2006 Apr;22(1):73-84
- Aust Vet J. 1982 Jun;58(6):232-40
- N Z Vet J. 2001 Aug;49(4):159-61
- Vet Microbiol. 2012 May 4;156(3-4):395-402
- J Med Microbiol. 2004 Jul;53(Pt 7):691-5
- Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract. 2009 Aug;25(2):363-80
- J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986 Jan 15;188(2):173-7
- Vet Pathol. 2006 May;43(3):225-40
- Vet Rec. 2004 Aug 21;155(8):240-2
- J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1999 May 15;214(10):1511-6
- Vet Microbiol. 1996 Feb;48(3-4):243-55
- Vet Pathol. 2013 Nov;50(6):1028-36
- J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001 Mar 1;218(5):740-8
- Vet Rec. 1980 Apr 19;106(16):356-9
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
