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Equine veterinary journal2022; 55(5); 798-807; doi: 10.1111/evj.13884

Equine sinusitis aetiology is linked to sinus microbiome by amplicon sequencing.

Abstract: Information regarding the microbiome in sinusitis using genetic sequencing is lacking and more-in-depth understanding of the microbiome could improve antimicrobial selection and treatment outcomes for cases of primary sinusitis. Objective: To describe sinus microbiota in samples from horses with sinusitis and compare microbiota and the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes between primary, dental-related and other secondary causes of sinusitis. Methods: Retrospective case series. Methods: Records of equine sinusitis from 2017 to 2021 were reviewed and historical microbial amplicon sequence data were obtained from clinical diagnostic testing of sinus secretions. Following bioinformatic processing of bacterial and fungal sequence data, the sinus microbiota and importance of sinusitis aetiology among other factors were investigated from the perspectives of alpha diversity (e.g., number of operational taxonomic units [OTUs], Hill1 Diversity), beta diversity, and differentially abundant taxa. Quantitative PCR allowed for comparisons of estimated bacterial abundance and detection rate of common antibiotic resistance-associated genes. In a smaller subset, longitudinal analysis was performed to evaluate similarity in samples over time. Results: Of 81 samples analysed from 70 horses, the bacterial microbiome was characterised in 66, and fungal in five. Only sinusitis aetiology was shown to significantly influence microbiome diversity and composition (p < 0.05). Dental-related sinusitis (n = 44) was associated with a significantly higher proportion of obligate anaerobic bacteria, whereas primary sinusitis (n = 12) and other (n = 10) groups were associated with fewer bacteria and higher proportions of facultative anaerobic and aerobic genera. Antimicrobial resistance genes and fungal components were exclusively identified in dental-related sinusitis. Conclusions: Retrospective nature, incomplete prior antimicrobial administration data. Conclusions: Molecular characterisation in sinusitis identifies microbial species which may be difficult to isolate via culture, and microbiome profiling can differentiate sinusitis aetiology, which may inform further treatment, including antimicrobial therapy. Unassigned: Es fehlen Informationen über das Mikrobiom bei Sinusitis, die durch genetische Sequenzierung gewonnen wurden, und ein tieferes Verständnis des Mikrobioms könnte die Auswahl antimikrobieller Mittel und die Behandlungsergebnisse bei primärer Sinusitis verbessern. Unassigned: Beschreibung der Sinus-Mikrobiota in Proben von Pferden mit Sinusitis und Vergleich der Mikrobiota und des Vorhandenseins antimikrobieller Resistenzgene zwischen primären, zahnbedingten und anderen sekundären Ursachen der Sinusitis. Methods: Retrospektive Betrachtung. Methods: Aufzeichnungen über Sinusitis bei Pferden aus den Jahren 2017-2021 wurden überprüft und historische mikrobielle Amplikon-Sequenzdaten aus klinischen diagnostischen Tests von Sinus-Sekreten gewonnen. Nach der bioinformatischen Verarbeitung von Bakterien- und Pilzsequenzdaten wurden die Mikrobiota der Nasennebenhöhlen und die Bedeutung der Ätiologie der Sinusitis unter anderem unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Alpha-Diversität (z. B. Anzahl der operativen taxonomischen Einheiten [OTUs], Hill1-Diversität), der Beta-Diversität und der unterschiedlich häufigen Taxa untersucht. Die quantitative PCR ermöglichte einen Vergleich der geschätzten Bakterienhäufigkeit und der Nachweisrate von Genen, die mit der Antibiotikaresistenz in Verbindung stehen. Bei einer kleineren Untergruppe wurde eine Längsschnittanalyse durchgeführt, um die Ähnlichkeit der Proben im Laufe der Zeit zu bewerten. Unassigned: Von 81 analysierten Proben von 70 Pferden wurde das bakterielle Mikrobiom von 66 und das Pilzmikrobiom von fünf Pferden charakterisiert. Nur die Ätiologie der Sinusitis zeigte einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Diversität und Zusammensetzung des Mikrobioms (p < 0,05). Zahnbedingte Sinusitis (n = 44) war mit einem signifikant höheren Anteil an obligat anaeroben Bakterien verbunden, während primäre Sinusitis (n = 12) und andere (n = 10) Gruppen mit weniger Bakterien und einem höheren Anteil an fakultativ anaeroben und aeroben Gattungen verbunden waren. Antimikrobielle Resistenzgene und Pilzkomponenten wurden ausschließlich bei zahnbedingter Sinusitis identifiziert. Serielle Proben ähnelten den Ausgangsproben tendenziell mehr als Proben von anderen Pferden. Unassigned: Retrospektiver Charakter, unvollständige Daten über die vorherige Verabreichung antimikrobieller Mittel. Unassigned: Durch die molekulare Charakterisierung der Sinusitis werden Mikrobenarten identifiziert, die sich möglicherweise nur schwer über eine Kultur isolieren lassen, und durch die Erstellung von Mikrobiomprofilen kann die Ätiologie der Sinusitis differenziert werden, was wiederum Aufschluss über die weitere Behandlung, einschließlich einer antimikrobiellen Therapie, geben kann.
© 2022 The Authors. Equine Veterinary Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of EVJ Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2022-11-07 PubMed ID: 36199163DOI: 10.1111/evj.13884Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research examines the root causes of sinusitis in horses by exploring sinus microbiota from sample data. The study seeks to improve antimicrobial treatment options by understanding the link between sinusitis etiology and the presence of certain microbes and their resistance to drugs.

Objective and Methods

  • The study aims to better understand the microbiome that develops in horses with sinusitis. This involves comparing microbiota and the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance genes in cases of primary sinusitis, dental-related sinusitis, and other secondary causes of sinusitis.
  • The researchers carried out a retrospective case series to meet this objective. Records of equine sinusitis from 2017 to 2021 were reviewed and historical microbial amplicon sequence data from sinus secretions were obtained for analysis.
  • The analysis involved bioinformatic processing of bacterial and fungal sequence data. Information on sinus microbiota and the relevance of sinusitis etiology was evaluated according to several criteria. These included alpha diversity or number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs), Hill1 Diversity, beta diversity, and differentially abundant taxa.
  • A quantitative PCR was also performed to make comparisons in estimated bacterial abundance and the detection rate of common antibiotic resistance-associated genes.
  • In a smaller subset, a longitudinal analysis was done to evaluate the similarity in samples over time.

Results

  • The analysis included 81 samples collected from 70 horses. Of these, a bacterial microbiome was characterized in 66 samples and fungal elements were discovered in five.
  • The study found that sinusitis aetiology significantly influences the diversity and composition of the microbiome.
  • Dental-related sinusitis, primary sinusitis, and other types of sinusitis were associated with different proportions of bacteria and types of bacterial organisms.
  • Antimicrobial resistance genes and fungal components were exclusively identified in the cases of dental-related sinusitis.
  • The study also noted that issues with retrospective nature and incomplete prior antimicrobial administration data.

Conclusions

  • The molecular characterisation in sinusitis was able to identify microbial species that would have been difficult to isolate via culture.
  • Microbiome profiling has the potential to differentiate sinusitis aetiology, which can, in turn, inform further treatment, including antimicrobial therapy.

Cite This Article

APA
Lowman ME, Tipton CD, Labordère AL, Brown JA. (2022). Equine sinusitis aetiology is linked to sinus microbiome by amplicon sequencing. Equine Vet J, 55(5), 798-807. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13884

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 55
Issue: 5
Pages: 798-807

Researcher Affiliations

Lowman, Megan E
  • Marion duPont Scott Equine Medical Center, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Leesburg, VA, USA.
Tipton, Craig D
  • RTL Genomics, MicroGenDX, Lubbock, TX, USA.
Labordère, Alexandra L
  • Marion duPont Scott Equine Medical Center, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Leesburg, VA, USA.
Brown, James A
  • Marion duPont Scott Equine Medical Center, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Leesburg, VA, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Horses / genetics
  • Animals
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sinusitis / veterinary
  • Paranasal Sinuses / microbiology
  • Bacteria
  • Microbiota / genetics
  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics
  • Horse Diseases / microbiology

Grant Funding

  • Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

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Citations

This article has been cited 4 times.
  1. Whitfield R, Tipton CD, Diaz N, Ancira J, Landry KS. Clinical Evaluation of Microbial Communities and Associated Biofilms with Breast Augmentation Failure. Microorganisms 2024 Sep 4;12(9).
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  2. Osadchiy V, Belarmino A, Kianian R, Sigalos JT, Ancira JS, Kanie T, Mangum SF, Tipton CD, Hsieh TM, Mills JN, Eleswarapu SV. Semen microbiota are dramatically altered in men with abnormal sperm parameters. Sci Rep 2024 Jan 11;14(1):1068.
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  3. Liss MA, Reveles KR, Tipton CD, Gelfond J, Tseng T. Comparative Effectiveness Randomized Clinical Trial Using Next-generation Microbial Sequencing to Direct Prophylactic Antibiotic Choice Before Urologic Stone Lithotripsy Using an Interprofessional Model. Eur Urol Open Sci 2023 Nov;57:74-83.
    doi: 10.1016/j.euros.2023.09.008pubmed: 38020524google scholar: lookup
  4. Jakab S, Bali K, Freytag C, Pataki A, Fehér E, Halas M, Jerzsele Á, Szabó I, Szarka K, Bálint Á, Bányai K. Deep Sequencing of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus ORF7: A Promising Tool for Diagnostics and Epidemiologic Surveillance. Animals (Basel) 2023 Oct 15;13(20).
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