Equus caballus papillomavirus 8 (EcPV8) associated with multiple viral plaques, viral papillomas, and squamous cell carcinoma in a horse.
Abstract: Equus caballus papillomavirus 8, a recently discovered virus, has been reported to cause generalised papillomavirus in horses. Objective: To describe a case in which multiple viral plaques, viral papillomas, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (ISCC) were associated with EcPV8 in a horse. Methods: Case report. Methods: A 16-year-old mixed breed horse presented with dozens of raised crusted papular to nodular lesions over a course of 4 years. Masses had been surgically excised four times and cisplatin beads and emulsion were implanted on three different occasions; however new masses continue to develop in sites of previous masses as well as new sites. Results: Multiple viral plaques, viral papillomas, SCC in situ and ISCC, localised to the inguinal region, were diagnosed via histopathology. EcPV8 DNA was detected via PCR. Conclusions: Since only a few cases have been reported, we do not know the incidence of EcPV8 nor how often it may be associated with SCC in situ or ISCC without further study. Conclusions: This is the fourth reported case of viral papillomatosis in the context of an EcPV8 infection in a horse. This is the first case in which SCC has been associated with EcPV8.
© 2018 EVJ Ltd.
Publication Date: 2018-12-17 PubMed ID: 30456819DOI: 10.1111/evj.13046Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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The paper describes a unique case of infection by the Equus caballus papillomavirus 8 (EcPV8) in a horse, which resulted in multiple viral plaques, papillomas, and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) – a type of skin cancer.
Objective of the Study
The research aimed to document a peculiar case of a horse showing multiple symptoms associated with an infection of the recently identified Equus caballus papillomavirus 8 (EcPV8).
- This includes multiple viral plaques and papillomas, in addition to squamous cell carcinoma.
Research Methodology
This research consisted of a detailed study of a clinical case.
- A 16-year-old mixed breed horse with numerous elevated lesions over a period of four years was examined.
- The horse had undergone surgical removal of the masses four times, and had been treated with cisplatin beads and emulsion in three separate instances.
- Despite these measures, new masses continued to develop in previously affected and new areas.
Research Findings
Post investigation, the researchers found a few significant findings.
- Multiple viral plaques, papillomas, in addition to SCC and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (ISCC) were diagnosed.
- The afflictions were localized to the horse’s inguinal (groin) region.
- The detected disease-causing agent was EcPV8, identified through PCR testing.
Research Conclusions
The study ends with very important conclusions.
- Given only a few cases have been studied, it remains unclear how frequent EcPV8 occurrences are, or how often it may cause SCC or ISCC.
- This was the fourth reported case of viral papillomatosis associated with an EcPV8 infection in a horse.
- Importantly, this is the first reported instance where SCC has been associated with an EcPV8 infection.
Cite This Article
APA
Peters-Kennedy J, Lange CE, Rine SL, Hackett RP.
(2018).
Equus caballus papillomavirus 8 (EcPV8) associated with multiple viral plaques, viral papillomas, and squamous cell carcinoma in a horse.
Equine Vet J, 51(4), 470-474.
https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13046 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, USA.
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
- Metabiota INC, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, USA.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / veterinary
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / virology
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horse Diseases / virology
- Horses
- Male
- Papilloma / pathology
- Papilloma / veterinary
- Papilloma / virology
- Papillomaviridae / classification
- Papillomaviridae / isolation & purification
- Papillomavirus Infections / pathology
- Papillomavirus Infections / veterinary
- Papillomavirus Infections / virology
- Skin Neoplasms / pathology
- Skin Neoplasms / veterinary
- Skin Neoplasms / virology
Citations
This article has been cited 7 times.- Tuomisto L, Virtanen J, Kegler K, Levanov L, Sukura A, Sironen T, Kareskoski M. Equus caballus papillomavirus type 2 (EcPV2)-associated benign penile lesions and squamous cell carcinomas. Vet Med Sci 2024 Jan;10(1):e1342.
- Tong P, Palidan N, Song X, Tian S, Zhang L, Wu G, Deng H, Jia C, Duan R, Suo Y, Pan J, Dang Y, Kuang L, Xie J. Abortion storm of Yili horses is associated with Equus caballus papillomavirus 2 variant infection. Arch Microbiol 2023 Nov 24;206(1):5.
- Munday JS, Knight CG, Luff JA. Papillomaviral skin diseases of humans, dogs, cats and horses: A comparative review. Part 2: Pre-neoplastic and neoplastic diseases. Vet J 2022 Oct;288:105898.
- Munday JS, Knight CG, Luff JA. Papillomaviral skin diseases of humans, dogs, cats and horses: A comparative review. Part 1: Papillomavirus biology and hyperplastic lesions. Vet J 2022 Oct;288:105897.
- De Paolis L, De Ciucis CG, Peletto S, Cappelli K, Mecocci S, Nervo T, Guardone L, Crescio MI, Pietrucci D, Fruscione F, Gabbianelli F, Turco S, Varello K, Donato GG, Maurella C, Modesto P, Maniaci MG, Chillemi G, Ghelardi A, Razzuoli E. Equus caballus Papillomavirus Type-9 (EcPV9): First Detection in Asymptomatic Italian Horses. Viruses 2022 Sep 15;14(9).
- Ramsauer AS, Wachoski-Dark GL, Fraefel C, Tobler K, Brandt S, Knight CG, Favrot C, Grest P. Paving the way for more precise diagnosis of EcPV2-associated equine penile lesions. BMC Vet Res 2019 Oct 22;15(1):356.
- Li CX, Chang WS, Mitsakos K, Rodger J, Holmes EC, Hudson BJ. Identification of a Novel Equine Papillomavirus in Semen from a Thoroughbred Stallion with a Penile Lesion. Viruses 2019 Aug 4;11(8).
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