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Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2021; 10(5); 510; doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10050510

ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli Carrying CTX-M Genes Circulating among Livestock, Dogs, and Wild Mammals in Small-Scale Farms of Central Chile.

Abstract: Antibiotic-resistant bacteria of critical importance for global health such as extended-spectrum beta-lactamases-producing (ESBL)- have been detected in livestock, dogs, and wildlife worldwide. However, the dynamics of ESBL- between these animals remains poorly understood, particularly in small-scale farms of low and middle-income countries where contact between species can be frequent. We compared the prevalence of fecal carriage of ESBL- among 332 livestock (207 cows, 15 pigs, 60 horses, 40 sheep, 6 goats, 4 chickens), 82 dogs, and wildlife including 131 European rabbits, 30 rodents, and 12 Andean foxes sharing territory in peri-urban localities of central Chile. The prevalence was lower in livestock (3.0%) and wildlife (0.5%) compared to dogs (24%). Among 47 ESBL- isolates recovered, CTX-M-group 1 was the main ESBL genotype identified, followed by CTX-M-groups 2, 9, 8, and 25. ERIC-PCR showed no cluster of clones by either host species nor locality. To our knowledge, this is the first report of ESBL- among sheep, cattle, dogs, and rodents of Chile, confirming their fecal carriage among domestic and wild animals in small-scale farms. The high prevalence of ESBL- in dogs encourages further investigation on their role as potential reservoirs of this bacteria in agricultural settings.
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Publication Date: 2021-04-30 PubMed ID: 33946277PubMed Central: PMC8145412DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10050510Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research study uncovers the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria known as extended-spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli), especially those carrying CTX-M genes, in livestock, dogs, and wild animals in small-scale farms in Central Chile. The research also reveals that dogs have a higher prevalence of these bacteria than livestock and wildlife.

Study Overview

  • The primary focus of this study was to understand the distribution and prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, more specifically, extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) in various animal species and the immediate environment they inhabit.
  • The researchers examined the presence of these bacteria in 332 livestock, 82 dogs, and wildlife consisting 173 animals (131 European rabbits, 30 rodents, and 12 Andean foxes) found in small scale farms in Central Chile.
  • ESBL-producing bacteria are harmful as they contain enzymes that can resist many antibiotics, making infections by these bacteria difficult to treat.

Key Findings

  • The study found that the prevalence of these antibiotic-resistant bacteria was lower in livestock (3.0%) and wildlife (0.5%) compared to dogs (24%).
  • Among the 47 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates recovered, the CTX-M-group 1 was the most identified ESBL genotype. This was followed by CTX-M-groups 2, 9, 8, and 25.
  • The researchers employed a method called ERIC-PCR to analyze these bacteria and found no specific grouping or clustering by host species or locality. This implies that the distribution of these bacteria is quite random and not confined to specific animal species or locations.

Significance of the Research

  • This is reportedly the first study to record the presence of ESBL-E.coli bacteria among sheep, cattle, dogs, and rodents in Chile. It provides vital information about the circulation and carriage of these antibiotic-resistant bacteria among domestic and wild animals in small-scale agricultural settings.
  • The high prevalence of these bacteria in dogs indicates possibilities of dogs being potential reservoirs for these bacteria in agricultural settings.
  • This further suggests the need for deeper investigation into how these bacteria circulate in various species and how their transmission can be mitigated for improved public health protocols.

Cite This Article

APA
Benavides JA, Salgado-Caxito M, Opazo-Capurro A, González Muñoz P, Piñeiro A, Otto Medina M, Rivas L, Munita J, Millán J. (2021). ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli Carrying CTX-M Genes Circulating among Livestock, Dogs, and Wild Mammals in Small-Scale Farms of Central Chile. Antibiotics (Basel), 10(5), 510. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10050510

Publication

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 2079-6382
NlmUniqueID: 101637404
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
PII: 510

Researcher Affiliations

Benavides, Julio A
  • Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
  • Centro de Investigación para la Sustentabilidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
  • Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago 7550000, Chile.
Salgado-Caxito, Marília
  • Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago 7550000, Chile.
  • School of Veterinary Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820244, Chile.
Opazo-Capurro, Andrés
  • Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago 7550000, Chile.
  • Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile.
González Muñoz, Paulina
  • Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago 7550000, Chile.
  • Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile.
  • Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción 4030000, Chile.
Piñeiro, Ana
  • Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
Otto Medina, Macarena
  • Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
Rivas, Lina
  • Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago 7550000, Chile.
  • Genomics and Resistance Microbes (GeRM) Lab, Facultad de Medicina CAS-UDD, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Santiago 7550000, Chile.
Munita, Jose
  • Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago 7550000, Chile.
  • Genomics and Resistance Microbes (GeRM) Lab, Facultad de Medicina CAS-UDD, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Santiago 7550000, Chile.
Millán, Javier
  • Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
  • Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
  • Fundación ARAID, Avda. de Ranillas, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.

Grant Funding

  • 11181017 / National Agency for Research and Development (ANID) FONDECYT Iniciaciu00f3n
  • FONDECYT 1171805 / Comisiu00f3n Nacional de Investigaciu00f3n Cientu00edfica y Tecnolu00f3gica (CONICYT)
  • NCN17_081 / ANID Millenium Science Initiative, MICROB-R, Government of Chile.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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