Establishment and characterization of a primary and a metastatic melanoma cell line from Grey horses.
Abstract: The Grey horse phenotype, caused by a 4.6 kb duplication in Syntaxin 17, is strongly associated with high incidence of melanoma. In contrast to most human melanomas with an early onset of metastasis, the Grey horse melanomas have an extended period of benign growth, after which 50% or more eventually undergo progression and may metastasize. In efforts to define changes occurring during Grey horse melanoma progression, we established an in vitro model comprised of two cell lines, HoMel-L1 and HoMel-A1, representing a primary and a metastatic stage of the melanoma, respectively. The cell lines were examined for their growth and morphological characteristics, in vitro and in vivo oncogenic potential, chromosome numbers, and expression of melanocytic antigens and tumor suppressors. Both cell lines exhibited malignant characteristics; however, the metastatic HoMel-A1 showed a more aggressive phenotype characterized by higher proliferation rates, invasiveness, and a stronger tumorigenic potential both in vitro and in vivo. HoMel-A1 displayed a near-haploid karyotype, whereas HoMel-L1 was near-diploid. The cell lines expressed melanocytic lineage markers such as TYR, TRP1, MITF, PMEL, ASIP, MC1R, POMC, and KIT. The tumor suppressor p53 was strongly expressed in both cell lines, while the tumor suppressors p16 and PTEN were absent in HoMel-A1, potentially implicating significance of these pathways in the melanoma progression. This in vitro model system will not only aid in understanding of the Grey horse melanoma pathogenesis, but also in unraveling the steps during melanoma progression in general as well as being an invaluable tool for development of new therapeutic strategies.
Publication Date: 2013-08-28 PubMed ID: 23982913DOI: 10.1007/s11626-013-9678-1Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The researchers have developed two cell lines from Grey horses that represent different stages of melanoma – a common form of skin cancer. These cell lines will help scientists better understand the progression of this disease and could lead to improved treatments.
Study Background
- The Grey horse phenotype is known to strongly associate with a high incidence of melanoma, a form of skin cancer.
- Unlike most human melanomas that rapidly metastasize, Grey horse melanomas have a prolonged benign growth stage, allowing a longer window to study the disease’s progression.
- This study establishes an in vitro model to better understand the changes occurring during Grey horse melanoma progression. The model includes two different cell lines – HoMel-L1 and HoMel-A1, representing the primary and metastatic melanoma stages, respectively.
Characterization of Cell Lines
- The scientists examined the growth and morphological characteristics of both cell lines, their in vitro and in vivo oncogenic potential, chromosome numbers, and expression of melanocytic antigens and tumor suppressors.
- While both cell lines demonstrated malignant characteristics, the metastatic HoMel-A1 showed a more aggressive phenotype. It was characterized by higher proliferation rates, increased invasiveness, and a stronger tumorigenic potential both in vitro and in vivo.
- Interestingly, the HoMel-A1 cells displayed a near-haploid karyotype, whereas the HoMel-L1 cells were near-diploid.
Role of Specific Proteins
- The researchers studied the expression of melanocytic lineage markers such as TYR, TRP1, MITF, PMEL, ASIP, MC1R, POMC, and KIT in both cell lines.
- Significantly, the tumor suppressor protein p53 was strongly expressed in both cell lines.
- However, the tumor suppressors p16 and PTEN were absent in the more metastatic HoMel-A1 cell line, suggesting possible significant roles for these pathways in the progression of melanoma.
Implications and Future Directions
- This in vitro system offers a valuable tool for uncovering the steps of melanoma progression and understanding the pathogenesis of Grey horse melanoma.
- Further, it provides a platform for developing new therapeutic strategies against this disease.
Cite This Article
APA
Seltenhammer MH, Sundström E, Meisslitzer-Ruppitsch C, Cejka P, Kosiuk J, Neumüller J, Almeder M, Majdic O, Steinberger P, Losert UM, Stöckl J, Andersson L, Sölkner J, Vetterlein M, Golovko A.
(2013).
Establishment and characterization of a primary and a metastatic melanoma cell line from Grey horses.
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim, 50(1), 56-65.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11626-013-9678-1 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation
- Chromosomes, Mammalian
- Horses
- Karyotype
- Melanoma / genetics
- Melanoma / pathology
- Melanoma / veterinary
- Neoplasm Metastasis / genetics
- Neoplasm Metastasis / pathology
References
This article includes 29 references
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