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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Pathol / Etiology and pathogenesis of osteochondrosis.
Veterinary pathology2007; 44(4); 429-448; doi: 10.1354/vp.44-4-429

Etiology and pathogenesis of osteochondrosis.

Abstract: Osteochondrosis is a common and clinically important joint disorder that occurs in human beings and in multiple animal species, most commonly pigs, horses, and dogs. This disorder is defined as a focal disturbance of enchondral ossification and is regarded as having a multifactorial etiology, with no single factor accounting for all aspects of the disease. The most commonly cited etiologic factors are heredity, rapid growth, anatomic conformation, trauma, and dietary imbalances; however, only heredity and anatomic conformation are well supported by the scientific literature. The way in which the disease is initiated has been debated. Although formation of a fragile cartilage, failure of chondrocyte differentiation, subchondral bone necrosis, and failure of blood supply to the growth cartilage all have been proposed as the initial step in the pathogenesis, the recent literature strongly supports failure of blood supply to growth cartilage as being the most likely. The term osteochondrosis has been used to describe a wide range of different lesions among different species. We suggest a refinement of this terminology to include the modifiers latens (lesion confined to epiphyseal cartilage), manifesta (lesion accompanied by delay in endochondral ossification), and dissecans (cleft formation through articular cartilage). The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the disease, focusing on the most commonly cited theories, recent research findings, and our own views regarding the etiology and pathogenesis of osteochondrosis, in order to provide a better understanding of this apparently complex disease.
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Publication Date: 2007-07-04 PubMed ID: 17606505DOI: 10.1354/vp.44-4-429Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article seeks to explore the causes and development process (pathogenesis) of osteochondrosis, a joint disorder common in humans and several animal species. The paper provides an overview of proposed etiologic factors, debates around disease initiation, and suggests refined terminology for different lesions associated with the disorder.

Etiology of Osteochondrosis

  • Osteochondrosis is a prevalent joint disorder in humans and animals, especially pigs, horses, and dogs. The disease is characterized by a focal disruption in enchondral ossification, a process of bone development and growth.
  • The etiology, or cause, of osteochondrosis is multifactorial, which means it isn’t defined by a single factor. Notable causal factors mentioned in the study include heredity, rapid growth, anatomic conformation, trauma, and dietary imbalances, but out of these, only heredity and anatomic conformation have substantial scientific backing.

Pathogenesis of Osteochondrosis

  • There are conflicting views regarding how osteochondrosis begins. Some theories suggest the formation of fragile cartilage, failure of chondrocyte differentiation (cell development), subchondral bone necrosis (bone cell death beneath cartilage), and a failure in blood supply to the growth cartilage as potential initiaters of the disease. However, recent studies heavily point at a failure in blood supply to the growth cartilage as the most probable cause.

Refinement of Osteochondrosis Lesion Terminology

  • The term osteochondrosis is broad, covering different lesions among varied species. The researchers proposed a refinement in terminology to better categorize and understand these lesions. “Latens” refers to lesions confined to epiphyseal cartilage, “manifesta” suggests lesions that cause delay in endochondral ossification, and “dissecans” describes the cleft formation through articular cartilage.

Purpose of the Review

  • Through a review of the most frequently cited theories and recent research findings, the researchers aim to offer a more informed understanding of osteochondrosis. The exploration of the disease’s etiology and pathogenesis is aimed at demystifying its complex nature.

Cite This Article

APA
Ytrehus B, Carlson CS, Ekman S. (2007). Etiology and pathogenesis of osteochondrosis. Vet Pathol, 44(4), 429-448. https://doi.org/10.1354/vp.44-4-429

Publication

Veterinary pathology
ISSN: 0300-9858
NlmUniqueID: 0312020
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 44
Issue: 4
Pages: 429-448

Researcher Affiliations

Ytrehus, B
  • Section for Wildlife Diseases, National Veterinary Institute, N-0033 Oslo, Norway. bjornar.ytrehus@vetinst.no
Carlson, C S
    Ekman, S

      MeSH Terms

      • Animals
      • Osteochondritis / pathology
      • Osteochondritis / veterinary

      Citations

      This article has been cited 73 times.
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