Evaluation of an arthroscopic approach for transection of the equine collateral sesamoidean ligament.

The research aims to assess the efficacy of an arthroscopic technique for transecting the collateral sesamoidean ligament (CSL) in horses, and to observe the subsequent healing response using magnetic resonance (MR) and microscopic examination. It concluded that the technique causes short-term lameness, followed by confirmed healing of the ligament.

Research methodology

• The study was conducted using six adult horses with prior normal front foot radiographic and MR examinations.
• For each horse, a lameness examination was done before the surgery and monthly for a year.
• Front foot radiography was done at 180 and 360 days post-surgery while front foot MR was performed prior to, and at 7, 90, 180, and 360 days after the operation.
• Arthroscopic CSL desmotomy (transection of the ligament) was executed on one forelimb of each horse.
• At 360 days post-surgery, the CSL from both forelimbs was examined grossly and under a microscope.
• The lameness scores were statistically evaluated over time using the nonparametric Friedman’s test for paired groups, and the CSL measurements were compared using paired t-tests with a 2-tailed significance level of P<.05.

Results of the research

• The radiographs of the horses remained normal throughout the study, indicating no lasting damage from the procedure.
• Surgery resulted in lameness on the operated limb for up to two months after which all horses returned to normal, suggesting the short-term effect of the procedure.
• Transection of the CSL was confirmed during arthroscopy and with an MR examination seven days after the operation.
• Gross and microscopic evaluations confirmed healing of the ligament, endorsing the success of the procedure and the ability of the ligament to heal after transection.

Conclusions of the research

• The arthroscopic approach for CSL desmotomy resulted in short-term lameness after surgery.
• This was followed by the healing of the CSL, which was confirmed through gross and microscopic analysis.
• Thus, the technique appeared to be effective and did not cause lasting damage, although the short-term effect of inducing lameness must be considered.