Evaluation of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activities in clinically normal and abnormal equine joints.
Abstract: Creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LD) enzyme activities and isoenzymes were determined for synovial fluid, synovial membrane, and articular cartilage from 24 clinically normal equine tarsocrural (tibiotarsal) and femoropatellar joints. All 3 tissues contained LD isoenzymes LD1 to LD5, and CK isoenzymes BB and MM. The CK isoenzyme MB was not found. The similarities in isoenzyme composition of these 3 tissues made differentiation of the source of LD and CK impossible by isoenzyme pattern alone. Reference values for the total enzyme activities of specific joint tissues also had wide variations. The wide variation in activities, as determined by the enzymatic analysis of synovial fluid and a lack of tissue specificity in clinically normal equine joint tissue, indicated that those values were not predictive for the extent and type of tissue damage in equine joint disease. This hypothesis was confirmed when synovial fluids from 22 abnormal joints were analyzed for LD isoenzymes and total enzyme activity. The various causes of the joint problems were not distinguishable.
Publication Date: 1987-03-01 PubMed ID: 3565903
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The researchers carried out a study focusing on the activities of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LD) enzymes, and their isoenzymes, in the joints of horses. They found that the enzyme activities varied widely and did not reliably predict the extent or type of joint damage in horses suffering from joint disease.
Isoenzyme Composition
- The investigation determined the amount and types of CK and LD isoenzymes found in the joint fluid, the synovial membrane (lining of the joints), and the articular cartilage (the protective cartilage at the ends of the bones) in healthy horses.
- Both CK and LD isotopes were found in all three tissues, but the MB isotype of CK was not present.
- However, due to the similarities in isoenzyme composition between these tissues, the scientists found it impossible to determine the original source of LD and CK isoenzymes simply based on their patterns.
Enzyme Activities in Healthy Tissues
- The researchers also established reference values for the overall enzyme activities of specific joint tissues in healthy horses.
- They found wide variations in activity, made evident through the enzymatic analysis of synovial fluid.
- Given the lack of tissue specificity and variations in enzyme activity, the scientists concluded that these measurements could not be used to predict the extent or type of tissue damage in horses with joint disease.
Study on Abnormal Joints
- This assumption was verified when the team of researchers analyzed synovial fluid from 22 abnormal joints for LD isoenzymes and total enzyme activity.
- The results confirmed their initial speculations as they could not differentiate between the various causes of the joint problems based on these values.
In conclusion, while CK and LD isoenzymes are present in equine joints, their activity levels seem to matter little in diagnosing or predicting joint diseases in horses. This suggests a need for more effective biomarkers for joint health in equine medicine.
Cite This Article
APA
Yancik SA, McIlwraith CW, Wagner AE, Trotter GW.
(1987).
Evaluation of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activities in clinically normal and abnormal equine joints.
Am J Vet Res, 48(3), 463-466.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cartilage, Articular / enzymology
- Creatine Kinase / analysis
- Creatine Kinase / metabolism
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horse Diseases / enzymology
- Horses / metabolism
- Isoenzymes
- Joint Diseases / diagnosis
- Joint Diseases / enzymology
- Joint Diseases / veterinary
- L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / analysis
- L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / metabolism
- Synovial Fluid / enzymology
- Synovial Membrane / enzymology
Citations
This article has been cited 4 times.- Nagashima M, Sasaki R, Tanaka K, Takeshima K. The use of tourniquet is useful in terms of blood loss and soft tissue damage in arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a retrospective study. Sci Rep 2023 Oct 18;13(1):17798.
- Haralambus R, Florczyk A, Sigl E, Gültekin S, Vogl C, Brandt S, Schnierer M, Gamerith C, Jenner F. Detection of synovial sepsis in horses using enzymes as biomarkers. Equine Vet J 2022 May;54(3):513-522.
- Tothova C, Novotny J, Nagy O, Hornakova P, Zert Z, Varga M, Medvecky L, Vdoviakova K, Danko J, Petrovova E. Changes in the Acute-Phase Protein Concentrations and Activities of Some Enzymes in Pigs Following the Repair of Experimentally Induced Articular Cartilage Defects Using Two Types of Biocement Powder. Animals (Basel) 2019 Nov 7;9(11).
- Walter EL, Spreng D, Schmöckel H, Schawalder P, Tschudi P, Friess AE, Stoffel MH. Distribution of lactate dehydrogenase in healthy and degenerative canine stifle joint cartilage. Histochem Cell Biol 2007 Jul;128(1):7-18.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
