Evaluation of dimethyl sulphoxide effects on initial response to endotoxin in the horse.
Abstract: Endotoxaemia is one of the most severe and ubiquitous disease processes in horses. Although dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) is used clinically in horses, there is no study indicating its efficacy in endotoxaemic horses. Objective: DMSO ameliorates the clinical response to i.v. lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. Methods: Eighteen horses were assigned randomly to one of 4 groups: Normosol-LPS (0.2 mug/kg bwt, i.v.); DMSO (1 g/kg bwt, i.v.)-saline; high-dose DMSO (1 g/kg bwt, i.v.)LPS; low-dose DMSO (20 mg/kg bwt, i.v.)-LPS. Horses participating in the DMSO-saline group were later assigned randomly to one of the LPS groups. Data for physical parameters, white blood cell counts, plasma TNF-alpha, and blood lactate and glucose concentrations were examined for the effect of treatment using a repeated-measures mixed-model ANOVA. A value of P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Endotoxaemia occurred in all horses receiving LPS, as indicated by the clinical score, physical parameters, haemoconcentration and leucopenia. High-dose DMSO ameliorated the effect of LPS on fever. DMSO, at either dose, but did not have a significant effect on LPS-induced changes in all other evaluated parameters. Conclusions: In this study, DMSO had minimal effects on clinical signs of induced endotoxaemia in horses. The effects were manifested by amelioration of LPS-induced fever.
Publication Date: 2008-03-22 PubMed ID: 18356128DOI: 10.2746/042516408X293501Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The study explores the potential of dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) to reduce the initial response to the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in horses, with findings indicating that high-dose DMSO could mitigate LPS-induced fever, but overall had minimal effects on clinical signs of induced endotoxaemia.
Study Methodology
- A total of eighteen horses were involved in the study, with the animals being randomly allocated into four specific groups: Normosol-LPS (receiving 0.2 micrograms per kilogram of body weight of LPS intravenously); DMSO-saline (receiving 1 gram per kilogram of body weight of DMSO intravenously); high-dose DMSO-LPS (receiving 1 gram per kilogram of body weight of DMSO and LPS intravenously); and low-dose DMSO-LPS (getting 20 milligrams per kilogram body weight of DMSO and LPS intravenously).
- Data was collected on physical parameters, white blood cell counts and levels of certain substances in the blood such as plasma TNF-alpha, a marker of inflammation, and lactate and glucose concentrations.
- The researchers analyzed the collected data using a repeated-measures mixed-model analysis of variance (ANOVA), with a p-value of less than 0.05 being considered statistically significant.
Key Findings
- Signs of endotoxaemia, a serious condition resulting from the release of endotoxins in the blood, was observed in all horses given LPS. This was evidenced by physical parameter changes, haemoconcentration (an increase in the concentration of cells and solids in the blood), and leucopenia (a drop in white blood cell count).
- High-dose DMSO appeared to have an ameliorative effect on the fever induced by LPS. However, neither DMSO doses significantly influenced the LPS-induced changes in the other parameters evaluated.
Conclusions
- Based on this study, DMSO shows only minimal impacts on the clinical signs of endotoxaemia induced in horses.
- The primary effect noted was the alleviation of LPS-triggered fever in horses treated with a high dose of DMSO.
- However, it’s crucial to note that these results might not conclusively show the full potential of DMSO on endotoxaemia, and more research is needed to ascertain its wider effects and usefulness.
Cite This Article
APA
Kelmer G, Doherty TJ, Elliott S, Saxton A, Fry MM, Andrews FM.
(2008).
Evaluation of dimethyl sulphoxide effects on initial response to endotoxin in the horse.
Equine Vet J, 40(4), 358-363.
https://doi.org/10.2746/042516408X293501 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Analysis of Variance
- Animals
- Area Under Curve
- Body Temperature / drug effects
- Dimethyl Sulfoxide / therapeutic use
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Endotoxemia / chemically induced
- Endotoxemia / drug therapy
- Endotoxemia / veterinary
- Endotoxins / pharmacology
- Female
- Fever / drug therapy
- Fever / veterinary
- Heart Rate / drug effects
- Heart Rate / physiology
- Horse Diseases / chemically induced
- Horse Diseases / drug therapy
- Horses
- Lipopolysaccharides / pharmacology
- Male
- Random Allocation
- Severity of Illness Index
- Time Factors
- Treatment Outcome
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Taylor SD, Serpa PBS, Santos AP, Hart KA, Vaughn SA, Moore GE, Mukhopadhyay A, Page AE. Effects of intravenous administration of peripheral blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells after infusion of lipopolysaccharide in horses. J Vet Intern Med 2022 Jul;36(4):1491-1501.
- Anderson MJ, Ibrahim AS, Cooper BR, Woolcock AD, Moore GE, Taylor SD. Effects of administration of ascorbic acid and low-dose hydrocortisone after infusion of sublethal doses of lipopolysaccharide to horses. J Vet Intern Med 2020 Nov;34(6):2710-2718.
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