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Journal of veterinary internal medicine2023; 37(4); 1537-1543; doi: 10.1111/jvim.16795

Evaluation of the effects of medium-term (57-day) omeprazole administration and of omeprazole discontinuation on serum gastrin and serum chromogranin A concentrations in the horse.

Abstract: Rebound gastric hyperacidity (RGH) secondary to hypergastrinemia has been suggested to contribute to the rapid recurrence of equine squamous gastric disease (ESGD) in horses after discontinuation of omeprazole. Objective: To evaluate changes in serum gastrin and chromogranin A (CgA) concentrations in response to medium-term (57-day) omeprazole treatment and after omeprazole discontinuation. Methods: Fourteen mature Thoroughbred racehorses in simulated race training. Methods: Horses received 2.28 g of oral omeprazole PO q24h for 57 days within a 61-day period, excluding a withholding period applied mid-protocol during which treatment was stopped as part of a concurrent study. Serum samples were collected on day 0 before omeprazole treatment, on day 1 of each week of the treatment period, and for an additional 5 weeks after discontinuation of treatment. Serum gastrin and CgA concentrations were analyzed using radioimmunoassay (RIA) and ELISA, respectively. Results: Median serum gastrin concentrations increased 2.5-fold from baseline to day 7 (P < .001) but did not increase further during the omeprazole treatment period. Median serum gastrin concentrations returned to baseline within 2 to 4 days after administration of the last dose of omeprazole. No effect of treatment or discontinuation was seen in serum CgA concentrations. Conclusions: Serum gastrin concentrations increased in response to omeprazole treatment but returned to baseline within 2 to 4 days after the last dose of omeprazole. No effect of treatment or discontinuation was seen in serum CgA concentrations. Our results do not support the use of tapering protocols in horses.
© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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Publication Date: 2023-06-30 PubMed ID: 37390114PubMed Central: PMC10365038DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16795Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study examines the effect of a medium-term (57 days) administration and discontinuation of omeprazole on the blood levels of gastrin and chromogranin A in racing horses. The findings suggest that while the drug increases gastrin levels, discontinuation returns this back to normal within 2-4 days.

Study Details

  • The research aimed to understand the changes in serum (blood) gastrin and chromogranin A (CgA) concentrations following a medium-term omeprazole treatment (57 days) and post discontinuation of the drug.
  • The focus was on a specific condition known as rebound gastric hyperacidity (RGH), which is believed to contribute to the rapid recurrence of equine squamous gastric disease (ESGD) in horses after stopping omeprazole treatment.

Methodology

  • The sample size of the study was fourteen mature Thoroughbred racehorses who were subjected to a race-like training regime.
  • Each horse received a specific dose (2.28g) of oral omeprazole every 24 hours for a total of 57 days over a 61-day period, excluding a predetermined holding period.
  • Blood samples were collected before the treatment, once each week during the regimen and for five additional weeks after the treatment was stopped.
  • The concentrations of gastrin and CgA in the serum were analyzed via radioimmunoassay (RIA) and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) respectively.

Results

  • It was observed that serum gastrin concentrations increased 2.5-fold from baseline to day 7 of treatment but did not further rise for the remaining treatment period.
  • Within 2 to 4 days after the last dose of omeprazole, serum gastrin concentrations returned to the baseline levels.
  • No changes were observed in serum CgA concentrations either during the treatment or after its discontinuation.

Conclusions

  • The results indicate that while omeprazole treatment increases serum gastrin concentrations in horses, stopping the drug brings this back to baseline levels within a few days.
  • No impact was observed on serum CgA concentrations during or after the omeprazole treatment.
  • The study’s results do not endorse the use of tapering protocols (gradually reducing the drug dosage) in horses. This suggests an abrupt cessation of omeprazole does not appear to disturb the gastric hormone balance.

Cite This Article

APA
Clark B, Steel C, Vokes J, Shan JR, Gedye K, Lovett A, Sykes BW. (2023). Evaluation of the effects of medium-term (57-day) omeprazole administration and of omeprazole discontinuation on serum gastrin and serum chromogranin A concentrations in the horse. J Vet Intern Med, 37(4), 1537-1543. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16795

Publication

Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
NlmUniqueID: 8708660
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 37
Issue: 4
Pages: 1537-1543

Researcher Affiliations

Clark, Bethanie
  • School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia.
Steel, Catherine
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Service, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Vokes, Jessica
  • School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Shan, Jack R
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Service, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Gedye, Kristene
  • School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Lovett, Amy
  • School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Sykes, B W
  • School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.

Grant Funding

  • PPF-2021-102068 / Hong Kong Jockey Club Research Foundation

Conflict of Interest Statement

Dr Ben Sykes has active consultancies with Kelato Animal Health Australia, Equestra/Troy Australia, and Abbey Labs Australia, all of which have products that support horses diagnosed or at risk of equine gastric ulcer disease. No other authors declare a conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
  1. Vokes JR, Gedye KR, Lovett AL, de Kantzow MC, Shan R, Steel CM, Sykes BW. Evaluation of Two Commercial ELISA Kits for Measuring Equine Serum Gastrin Compared to Radioimmunoassay. Animals (Basel) 2024 Oct 11;14(20).
    doi: 10.3390/ani14202937pubmed: 39457867google scholar: lookup
  2. Campbell MLH, Sykes BW. Should the use of omeprazole be allowed during equestrian competition?. Equine Vet J 2025 May;57(3):555-562.
    doi: 10.1111/evj.14129pubmed: 38994580google scholar: lookup
  3. Vokes J, Lovett A, Sykes B. Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome: An Update on Current Knowledge. Animals (Basel) 2023 Apr 5;13(7).
    doi: 10.3390/ani13071261pubmed: 37048517google scholar: lookup
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