Evaluation of the i-STAT hand-held chemical analyser during treadmill and endurance exercise.
Abstract: This study examined the accuracy and precision of a hand-held, chemical analyser, i-STAT, in measuring selected blood constituents which may be of use in the diagnosis and management of metabolic disorders found in exercising horses. Venous blood samples were taken from 3 Thoroughbred geldings, fit and trained to exercise on a treadmill, both before and after exercise at a speed sufficient to elicit VO2max. The samples were analysed both with the i-STAT and with in-house analysers to compare the values of pH, partial pressure of oxygen (PO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), bicarbonate (HCO3), lactate and base excess (BE). The i-STAT demonstrated acceptable accuracy and precision for determination of pH, PO2 and PCO2, and lactate. We concluded that these parameters could be reliably evaluated by the i-STAT. The i-STAT was further evaluated at veterinary checkpoints during a 60 and 100 mile endurance ride. Because a built-in thermostat prevents function when the temperature of the analyser is outside the optimum range (16-30 degrees C), it was necessary to insulate the i-STAT from extreme ambient temperatures. As this portion of the study was conducted in warm temperatures, the appropriate insulation was to maintain the i-STAT in an ice-cooled container except during actual blood analyses. Further investigation into the feasibility of using hand-held chemical analysers at the veterinary checkpoints during endurance rides is recommended.
Publication Date: 2002-10-31 PubMed ID: 12405749DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2002.tb05481.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Evaluation Study
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research is an examination of the accuracy and reliability of a handheld chemical analyser known as the i-STAT. The objective of these tests was to determine how effectively this device could measure, in horses, certain blood constituents that indicate metabolic disorders, particularly during strenuous exercise.
Method and Procedure
- The study was conducted using 3 Thoroughbred geldings that had been adequately prepared to exercise on a treadmill.
- Blood samples were drawn both before and after the horses had been made to exercise at a speed calculated to push them to their maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max).
- These blood samples were then analysed using both the i-STAT and in-house analysers, for measurements of pH, the partial pressure of oxygen (PO2), the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), bicarbonate (HCO3), lactate, and the base excess (BE).
- The values obtained from the two different types of analyses were then compared.
Results
- The i-STAT showed considerable accuracy and precision in determining pH, PO2 and PCO2, and lactate levels.
- From these results, it was concluded that the i-STAT can be trusted with accurately evaluating these parameters.
Further Testing
- The i-STAT was then tested in a real-world scenario, at veterinary checkpoints during a 60 and 100-mile endurance ride.
- Considering that the i-STAT has a built-in thermostat that keeps the device from functioning outside of a certain temperature range (16-30 degrees C), it was kept in an ice-cooled container to insulate it from the warm external environment, except during actual blood analyses.
- It was recommended from this portion of the study that more research is required into the practical use of handheld chemical analysers like the i-STAT during endurance rides at veterinary checkpoints.
Cite This Article
APA
Silverman SC, Birks EK.
(2002).
Evaluation of the i-STAT hand-held chemical analyser during treadmill and endurance exercise.
Equine Vet J Suppl(34), 551-554.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.2002.tb05481.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Studies, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square 19348, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Acid-Base Equilibrium
- Animals
- Bicarbonates / blood
- Blood Gas Analysis / instrumentation
- Blood Gas Analysis / methods
- Blood Gas Analysis / veterinary
- Carbon Dioxide / blood
- Exercise Test / veterinary
- Horses / blood
- Horses / physiology
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Lactates / blood
- Male
- Oxygen / blood
- Oxygen Consumption
- Partial Pressure
- Physical Conditioning, Animal / physiology
- Physical Endurance / physiology
- Point-of-Care Systems
- Reproducibility of Results
- Sensitivity and Specificity
Citations
This article has been cited 5 times.- Suzuki K, Kondo N, Takagi K, Nishikawa A, Murakami Y, Otsuka M, Tsukano K, Ikeda K, Funakura H, Yasutomi I, Kawamoto S. Validation of the bovine blood calcium checker as a rapid and simple measuring tool for the ionized calcium concentration in cattle.. J Vet Med Sci 2021 May 9;83(5):767-774.
- Léguillette R, Bond SL, Lawlor K, Haan T, Weber LM. Comparison of physiological demands in Warmblood show jumping horses over a standardized 1.10 m jumping course versus a standardized exercise test on a track.. BMC Vet Res 2020 Jun 8;16(1):182.
- Yildirim E, Karapinar T, Hayirli A. Reliability of the i-STAT for the determination of blood electrolyte (K+, Na+, and CI-) concentrations in cattle.. J Vet Intern Med 2015 Jan;29(1):388-94.
- Kim TK, Park JY, Han PL. Physiological Parameters in the Blood of a Murine Stress-Induced Depression Model before and after Repeated Passive Exercise.. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2015 Sep;30(3):371-80.
- Witte KA, Driver J, Rosenberger T, Adler S, Siebert U. Analysis of blood gases, serum fat and serum protein: a new approach to estimate survival chances of stranded Harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) pups from the German North Sea.. Acta Vet Scand 2014 Feb 4;56(1):10.
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