FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 10000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Applied and environmental microbiology2010; 76(22); 7509-7513; doi: 10.1128/AEM.00726-10

Evaluation of virulence factor profiling in the characterization of veterinary Escherichia coli isolates.

Abstract: Escherichia coli has been used as an indicator organism for fecal contamination of water and other environments and is often a commensal organism in healthy animals, yet a number of strains can cause disease in young or immunocompromised animals. In this study, 281 E. coli isolates from bovine, porcine, chicken, canine, equine, feline, and other veterinary sources were analyzed by BOXA1R PCR and by virulence factor profiling of 35 factors to determine whether they had utility in identifying the animal source of the isolates. The results of BOXA1R PCR analysis demonstrated a high degree of diversity; less than half of the isolates fell into one of 27 clusters with at least three isolates (based on 90% similarity). Nearly 60% of these clusters contained isolates from more than one animal source. Conversely, the results of virulence factor profiling demonstrated clustering by animal source. Three clusters, named Bovine, Chicken, and Porcine, based on discriminant components analysis, were represented by 90% or more of the respective isolates. A fourth group, termed Companion, was the most diverse, containing at least 84% of isolates from canine, feline, equine, and other animal sources. Based on these results, it appears that virulence factor profiling may have utility, helping identify the likely animal host species sources of certain E. coli isolates.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2010-10-01 PubMed ID: 20889790PubMed Central: PMC2976202DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00726-10Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support
  • U.S. Gov't
  • Non-P.H.S.

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article investigates whether the profiling of virulence factors, traits that increase a microorganism’s capacity to cause disease, can help identify the animal source of Escherichia coli bacteria strains. The study demonstrated that this profiling technique may be useful in identifying the likely animal host species of certain E. coli strains.

Study Design and Methodology

  • The research examined 281 E. coli isolates sourced from various animals such as bovines, canines, horses, chickens, cats, pigs and others.
  • Two methods were used to analyze these isolates: BOXA1R PCR, a method of identifying genetic differences, and virulence factor profiling, which looks at 35 factors that potentially contribute to a bacterium’s ability to cause disease.
  • The aim was to discover whether these methods could identify the animal source of different E. coli isolates.

Results of BOXA1R PCR Analysis

  • BOXA1R PCR analysis revealed a high degree of genetic diversity among the isolates.
  • Less than half of the isolates formed one of 27 clusters based on at least 90% genetic similarity. This indicates a wide genetic variation in the E. coli isolates.
  • Interestingly, nearly 60% of the formed clusters contained isolates from more than one animal source, signifying cross-species transmission.

Results of Virulence Factor Profiling

  • On the other hand, virulence factor profiling demonstrated a greater correlation to the animal source of the isolates.
  • Three clusters, named Bovine, Chicken, and Porcine, were found, with 90% or more of the isolates in each cluster coming from the respective animal species.
  • A fourth group named “Companion” was the most diverse, containing at least 84% of isolates from animals like dogs, cats, horses, and others.

Conclusions

  • The study concluded that while BOXA1R PCR revealed genetic diversity among isolates, virulence factor profiling provided more useful results in identifying the likely animal host species sources of E. coli isolates.
  • This suggests that virulence factor profiling can potentially be utilized as a tool for tracing the source of certain E. coli infections in veterinary medicine.

Cite This Article

APA
David DE, Lynne AM, Han J, Foley SL. (2010). Evaluation of virulence factor profiling in the characterization of veterinary Escherichia coli isolates. Appl Environ Microbiol, 76(22), 7509-7513. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00726-10

Publication

Applied and environmental microbiology
ISSN: 1098-5336
NlmUniqueID: 7605801
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 76
Issue: 22
Pages: 7509-7513

Researcher Affiliations

David, Donna E
  • National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
Lynne, Aaron M
    Han, Jing
      Foley, Steven L

        MeSH Terms

        • Animals
        • Animals, Domestic
        • Bacterial Typing Techniques
        • Bacteriological Techniques / methods
        • Cluster Analysis
        • Escherichia coli / genetics
        • Escherichia coli / isolation & purification
        • Escherichia coli / pathogenicity
        • Escherichia coli Infections / microbiology
        • Escherichia coli Infections / veterinary
        • Escherichia coli Proteins / genetics
        • Genetic Variation
        • Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods
        • Virulence Factors / genetics

        References

        This article includes 30 references
        1. Aiello SE, Mays A. The Merck veterinary manual. 1998, 8th ed..
        2. Auld H, MacIver D, Klaassen J. Heavy rainfall and waterborne disease outbreaks: the Walkerton example.. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2004 Oct 22-Nov 26;67(20-22):1879-87.
          pubmed: 15371222doi: 10.1080/15287390490493475google scholar: lookup
        3. Barnes HJ, Vaillancourt JP, Gross WB. Colibacillosis. Diseases of poultry 2003, 11th ed., p. 631-656.
        4. Boerlin P, Travis R, Gyles CL, Reid-Smith R, Janecko N, Lim H, Nicholson V, McEwen SA, Friendship R, Archambault M. Antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes of Escherichia coli isolates from swine in Ontario.. Appl Environ Microbiol 2005 Nov;71(11):6753-61.
          pmc: PMC1287655pubmed: 16269706doi: 10.1128/aem.71.11.6753-6761.2005google scholar: lookup
        5. Conner CP, Heithoff DM, Julio SM, Sinsheimer RL, Mahan MJ. Differential patterns of acquired virulence genes distinguish Salmonella strains.. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998 Apr 14;95(8):4641-5.
          pmc: PMC22543pubmed: 9539791doi: 10.1073/pnas.95.8.4641google scholar: lookup
        6. Cookson AL, Cao M, Bennett J, Nicol C, Thomson-Carter F, Attwood GT. Relationship between virulence gene profiles of atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli isolates from cattle and sheep in New Zealand.. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010 Jun;76(11):3744-7.
          pmc: PMC2876441pubmed: 20400570doi: 10.1128/aem.02528-09google scholar: lookup
        7. Deszo EL, Steenbergen SM, Freedberg DI, Vimr ER. Escherichia coli K1 polysialic acid O-acetyltransferase gene, neuO, and the mechanism of capsule form variation involving a mobile contingency locus.. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005 Apr 12;102(15):5564-9.
          pmc: PMC555961pubmed: 15809431doi: 10.1073/pnas.0407428102google scholar: lookup
        8. Dezfulian H, Batisson I, Fairbrother JM, Lau PC, Nassar A, Szatmari G, Harel J. Presence and characterization of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli virulence genes in F165-positive E. coli strains isolated from diseased calves and pigs.. J Clin Microbiol 2003 Apr;41(4):1375-85.
          pmc: PMC153855pubmed: 12682117doi: 10.1128/jcm.41.4.1375-1385.2003google scholar: lookup
        9. Dombek PE, Johnson LK, Zimmerley ST, Sadowsky MJ. Use of repetitive DNA sequences and the PCR To differentiate Escherichia coli isolates from human and animal sources.. Appl Environ Microbiol 2000 Jun;66(6):2572-7.
          pmc: PMC110583pubmed: 10831440doi: 10.1128/aem.66.6.2572-2577.2000google scholar: lookup
        10. Edge TA, Hill S. Occurrence of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli from surface waters and fecal pollution sources near Hamilton, Ontario.. Can J Microbiol 2005 Jun;51(6):501-5.
          pubmed: 16121229doi: 10.1139/w05-028google scholar: lookup
        11. Eklund M, Bielaszewska M, Nakari UM, Karch H, Siitonen A. Molecular and phenotypic profiling of sorbitol-fermenting Escherichia coli O157:H- human isolates from Finland.. Clin Microbiol Infect 2006 Jul;12(7):634-41.
          pubmed: 16774559doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2006.01478.xgoogle scholar: lookup
        12. Fecteau G, Fairbrother JM, Higgins R, Van Metre DC, Paré J, Smith BP, Holmberg CA, Jang S. Virulence factors in Escherichia coli isolated from the blood of bacteremic neonatal calves.. Vet Microbiol 2001 Feb 12;78(3):241-9.
          pubmed: 11165068doi: 10.1016/s0378-1135(00)00299-6google scholar: lookup
        13. Gannon VP, King RK, Kim JY, Thomas EJ. Rapid and sensitive method for detection of Shiga-like toxin-producing Escherichia coli in ground beef using the polymerase chain reaction.. Appl Environ Microbiol 1992 Dec;58(12):3809-15.
          pmc: PMC183186pubmed: 1476425doi: 10.1128/aem.58.12.3809-3815.1992google scholar: lookup
        14. Johnson JR, Stell AL. Extended virulence genotypes of Escherichia coli strains from patients with urosepsis in relation to phylogeny and host compromise.. J Infect Dis 2000 Jan;181(1):261-72.
          pubmed: 10608775doi: 10.1086/315217google scholar: lookup
        15. Johnson TJ, Giddings CW, Horne SM, Gibbs PS, Wooley RE, Skyberg J, Olah P, Kercher R, Sherwood JS, Foley SL, Nolan LK. Location of increased serum survival gene and selected virulence traits on a conjugative R plasmid in an avian Escherichia coli isolate.. Avian Dis 2002 Apr-Jun;46(2):342-52.
          pubmed: 12061643doi: 10.1637/0005-2086(2002)046[0342:loissg]2.0.co;2google scholar: lookup
        16. Kachigan SK. Multivariate statistical analysis: a conceptual introduction. 1991, 2nd ed..
        17. Louie M, Read S, Louie L, Ziebell K, Rahn K, Borczyk A, Lior H. Molecular typing methods to investigate transmission of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from cattle to humans.. Epidemiol Infect 1999 Aug;123(1):17-24.
          pmc: PMC2810724pubmed: 10487637doi: 10.1017/s0950268899002551google scholar: lookup
        18. Lynne AM, Kaldhone P, David D, White DG, Foley SL. Characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella enterica serotype Heidelberg isolated from food animals.. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2009 Mar;6(2):207-15.
          pubmed: 19099358doi: 10.1089/fpd.2008.0172google scholar: lookup
        19. Olive DM, Bean P. Principles and applications of methods for DNA-based typing of microbial organisms.. J Clin Microbiol 1999 Jun;37(6):1661-9.
          pmc: PMC84917pubmed: 10325304doi: 10.1128/jcm.37.6.1661-1669.1999google scholar: lookup
        20. Pfaff-McDonough SJ, Horne SM, Giddings CW, Ebert JO, Doetkott C, Smith MH, Nolan LK. Complement resistance-related traits among Escherichia coli isolates from apparently healthy birds and birds with colibacillosis.. Avian Dis 2000 Jan-Mar;44(1):23-33.
          pubmed: 10737641
        21. Rodriguez-Siek KE, Giddings CW, Doetkott C, Johnson TJ, Nolan LK. Characterizing the APEC pathotype.. Vet Res 2005 Mar-Apr;36(2):241-56.
          pubmed: 15720976doi: 10.1051/vetres:2004057google scholar: lookup
        22. Rosengren LB, Waldner CL, Reid-Smith RJ. Associations between antimicrobial resistance phenotypes, antimicrobial resistance genes, and virulence genes of fecal Escherichia coli isolates from healthy grow-finish pigs.. Appl Environ Microbiol 2009 Mar;75(5):1373-80.
          pmc: PMC2648170pubmed: 19139228doi: 10.1128/aem.01253-08google scholar: lookup
        23. Rossetti L, Giraffa G. Rapid identification of dairy lactic acid bacteria by M13-generated, RAPD-PCR fingerprint databases.. J Microbiol Methods 2005 Nov;63(2):135-44.
          pubmed: 15893395doi: 10.1016/j.mimet.2005.03.001google scholar: lookup
        24. Tanner L, Schreiber M, Low JG, Ong A, Tolfvenstam T, Lai YL, Ng LC, Leo YS, Thi Puong L, Vasudevan SG, Simmons CP, Hibberd ML, Ooi EE. Decision tree algorithms predict the diagnosis and outcome of dengue fever in the early phase of illness.. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2008 Mar 12;2(3):e196.
          pmc: PMC2263124pubmed: 18335069doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000196google scholar: lookup
        25. Van Bost S, Bâbe MH, Jacquemin E, Mainil J. Characteristics of necrotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolated from septicemic and diarrheic calves between 1958 and 1970.. Vet Microbiol 2001 Oct 1;82(4):311-20.
          pubmed: 11506925doi: 10.1016/s0378-1135(01)00395-9google scholar: lookup
        26. Van Bost S, Jacquemin E, Oswald E, Mainil J. Multiplex PCRs for identification of necrotoxigenic Escherichia coli.. J Clin Microbiol 2003 Sep;41(9):4480-2.
          pmc: PMC193843pubmed: 12958300doi: 10.1128/jcm.41.9.4480-4482.2003google scholar: lookup
        27. Vu Khac H, Holoda E, Pilipcinec E, Blanco M, Blanco JE, Mora A, Dahbi G, López C, González EA, Blanco J. Serotypes, virulence genes, and PFGE profiles of Escherichia coli isolated from pigs with postweaning diarrhoea in Slovakia.. BMC Vet Res 2006 Mar 20;2:10.
          pmc: PMC1475581pubmed: 16549022doi: 10.1186/1746-6148-2-10google scholar: lookup
        28. Wéry N, Monteil C, Pourcher AM, Godon JJ. Human-specific fecal bacteria in wastewater treatment plant effluents.. Water Res 2010 Mar;44(6):1873-83.
          pubmed: 19945729doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2009.11.027google scholar: lookup
        29. Wu G, Mafura M, Carter B, Lynch K, Anjum MF, Woodward MJ, Pritchard GC. Genes associated with Escherichia coli isolates from calves with diarrhoea and/or septicaemia.. Vet Rec 2010 May 29;166(22):691-2.
          pubmed: 20511653doi: 10.1136/vr.b4791google scholar: lookup
        30. Wu Y, Hinenoya A, Taguchi T, Nagita A, Shima K, Tsukamoto T, Sugimoto N, Asakura M, Yamasaki S. Distribution of virulence genes related to adhesins and toxins in shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from healthy cattle and diarrheal patients in Japan.. J Vet Med Sci 2010 May;72(5):589-97.
          pubmed: 20103992doi: 10.1292/jvms.09-0557google scholar: lookup

        Citations

        This article has been cited 2 times.
        1. Kaldhone PR, Carlton A, Aljahdali N, Khajanchi BK, Sanad YM, Han J, Deck J, Ricke SC, Foley SL. Evaluation of Incompatibility Group I1 (IncI1) Plasmid-Containing Salmonella enterica and Assessment of the Plasmids in Bacteriocin Production and Biofilm Development. Front Vet Sci 2019;6:298.
          doi: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00298pubmed: 31552285google scholar: lookup
        2. Gokulan K, Khare S, Rooney AW, Han J, Lynne AM, Foley SL. Impact of plasmids, including those encodingVirB4/D4 type IV secretion systems, on Salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg virulence in macrophages and epithelial cells. PLoS One 2013;8(10):e77866.
          doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077866pubmed: 24098597google scholar: lookup
        Subscribe to our newsletter
        Join 99,658 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.