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The Journal of general virology2015; 97(3); 747-755; doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.000378

Evidence of widespread natural recombination among field isolates of equine herpesvirus 4 but not among field isolates of equine herpesvirus 1.

Abstract: Recombination in alphaherpesviruses allows evolution to occur in viruses that have an otherwise stable DNA genome with a low rate of nucleotide substitution. High-throughput sequencing of complete viral genomes has recently allowed natural (field) recombination to be studied in a number of different alphaherpesviruses, however, such studies have not been applied to equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) or equine herpesvirus 4 (EHV-4). These two equine alphaherpesviruses are genetically similar, but differ in their pathogenesis and epidemiology. Both cause economically significant disease in horse populations worldwide. This study used high-throughput sequencing to determine the full genome sequences of EHV-1 and EHV-4 isolates (11 and 14 isolates, respectively) from Australian or New Zealand horses. These sequences were then analysed and examined for evidence of recombination. Evidence of widespread recombination was detected in the genomes of the EHV-4 isolates. Only one potential recombination event was detected in the genomes of the EHV-1 isolates, even when the genomes from an additional 11 international EHV-1 isolates were analysed. The results from this study reveal another fundamental difference between the biology of EHV-1 and EHV-4. The results may also be used to help inform the future safe use of attenuated equine herpesvirus vaccines.
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Publication Date: 2015-12-21 PubMed ID: 26691326PubMed Central: PMC5381393DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000378Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research paper looks into the genetic mixing or recombination patterns among two types of herpesvirus that infect horses – Equine Herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) and Equine Herpesvirus 4 (EHV-4), and finds that while EHV-4 shows noticeable recombination activity, EHV-1 shows notably less, indicating a key difference in their biology.

Background and Purpose of Study

  • The evolution of viruses happens primarily through the process of recombination, which is a form of genetic mixing.
  • Using high-throughput sequencing, this study aimed to investigate the extent of natural recombination in two types of Equine Herpesviruses – EHV-1 and EHV-4.
  • These viruses are genetically similar, but their pathogenesis and epidemiology differ, and they cause economically significant disease in horse populations globally.

Methodology of Study

  • The researchers acquired isolates of both EHV-1 (11 isolates) and EHV-4 (14 isolates) from horses in Australia or New Zealand and conducted high-throughput sequencing on them to determine their full genome sequences.
  • These sequences were then analyzed for evidence of recombination.

Results

  • Analysis showed that there was a significant amount of recombination present in the genomes of the EHV-4 isolates.
  • In contrast, only one potential recombination event was detected in the EHV-1 isolates, even when the genomes from an additional 11 international EHV-1 isolates were examined.

Conclusion and Implications

  • The findings of this study reveal another key difference between the biology of EHV-1 and EHV-4, namely, their patterns of recombination.
  • These findings can help inform the safe use of attenuated equine herpesvirus vaccines in the future.

Cite This Article

APA
Vaz PK, Horsington J, Hartley CA, Browning GF, Ficorilli NP, Studdert MJ, Gilkerson JR, Devlin JM. (2015). Evidence of widespread natural recombination among field isolates of equine herpesvirus 4 but not among field isolates of equine herpesvirus 1. J Gen Virol, 97(3), 747-755. https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.000378

Publication

The Journal of general virology
ISSN: 1465-2099
NlmUniqueID: 0077340
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 97
Issue: 3
Pages: 747-755

Researcher Affiliations

Vaz, P K
  • Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Horsington, J
  • Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Hartley, C A
  • Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Browning, G F
  • Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Ficorilli, N P
  • Centre for Equine Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Studdert, M J
  • Centre for Equine Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Gilkerson, J R
  • Centre for Equine Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Devlin, J M
  • Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Base Sequence
  • Genome, Viral
  • Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
  • Herpesviridae Infections / virology
  • Herpesvirus 1, Equid / classification
  • Herpesvirus 1, Equid / genetics
  • Herpesvirus 1, Equid / isolation & purification
  • Herpesvirus 4, Equid / classification
  • Herpesvirus 4, Equid / genetics
  • Herpesvirus 4, Equid / isolation & purification
  • Horse Diseases / virology
  • Horses
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • New Zealand
  • Phylogeny
  • Recombination, Genetic

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Citations

This article has been cited 21 times.
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