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Home / Equine Research Bank / Infect Immun / Evidence that surface proteins Sn14 and Sn16 of Sarcocystis ...
Infection and immunity1998; 66(5); 1834-1838; doi: 10.1128/IAI.66.5.1834-1838.1998

Evidence that surface proteins Sn14 and Sn16 of Sarcocystis neurona merozoites are involved in infection and immunity.

Abstract: Sarcocystis neurona is the etiologic agent of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM). Based on an analysis of 25,000 equine serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples, including samples from horses with neurologic signs typical of EPM or with histologically or parasitologically confirmed EPM, four major immunoblot band patterns have been identified. Twenty-three serum and CSF samples representing each of the four immunoblot patterns were selected from 220 samples from horses with neurologic signs resembling EPM and examined for inhibitory effects on the infectivity of S. neurona by an in vitro neutralization assay. A high correlation between immunoblot band pattern and neutralizing activity was detected. Two proteins, Sn14 and Sn16 (14 and 16 kDa, respectively), appeared to be important for in vitro infection. A combination of the results of surface protein labeling, immunoprecipitation, Western blotting, and trypsin digestion suggests that these molecules are surface proteins and may be useful components of a vaccine against S. neurona infection. Although S. neurona is an obligate intracellular parasite, it is potentially a target for specific antibodies which may lyse merozoites via complement or inhibit their attachment and penetration to host cells.
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Publication Date: 1998-05-09 PubMed ID: 9573058PubMed Central: PMC108132DOI: 10.1128/IAI.66.5.1834-1838.1998Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
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  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article explores the role of surface proteins Sn14 and Sn16 in the infection and immune response related to Sarcocystis neurona, the causative agent of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis.

Understanding the Research Objectives

  • The study attempts to understand the role of surface proteins in the life cycle of Sarcocystis neurona, a parasite that causes equine protozoal myeloencephalitis.
  • By analyzing equine serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples, four major immunoblot band patterns were identified indicating potential variations in immune response.
  • The researchers were interested in the neutralizing activity of these samples, hinting at how the immune system of horses could potentially hinder the infectivity of S. neurona.

Methods and Analysis

  • Samples were checked for their effect on S. neurona’s infectivity through an in vitro neutralization assay.
  • Proteins Sn14 and Sn16 were singled out as having a high correlation with neutralizing activity, suggesting their critical role in the infection process.
  • A combination of several lab techniques like surface protein labeling, immunoprecipitation, Western blotting, and trypsin digestion were used to understand the role of these proteins better.

Key Findings

  • The study found that proteins Sn14 and Sn16 appear to be important for in vitro infection, possibly serving as the main agents for the parasite to invade host cells.
  • The research also suggests that these proteins are likely located on the parasite’s surface which makes them accessible targets for antibodies that could neutralize the pathogen.

Implications of the Study

  • This research provides new insights into how S. neurona can infect its host, offering potential new approaches for controlling or preventing the disease.
  • Understanding the role of surface proteins could help scientists develop a vaccine against S. neurona infection, potentially reducing its widespread impact on horse populations.

Cite This Article

APA
Liang FT, Granstrom DE, Zhao XM, Timoney JF. (1998). Evidence that surface proteins Sn14 and Sn16 of Sarcocystis neurona merozoites are involved in infection and immunity. Infect Immun, 66(5), 1834-1838. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.66.5.1834-1838.1998

Publication

Infection and immunity
ISSN: 0019-9567
NlmUniqueID: 0246127
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 66
Issue: 5
Pages: 1834-1838

Researcher Affiliations

Liang, F T
  • Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546-0099, USA.
Granstrom, D E
    Zhao, X M
      Timoney, J F

        MeSH Terms

        • Animals
        • Antibodies, Protozoan / immunology
        • Encephalitis / immunology
        • Encephalitis / veterinary
        • Horse Diseases / immunology
        • Horses
        • Immunoblotting
        • Membrane Proteins / immunology
        • Neutralization Tests
        • Precipitin Tests
        • Protozoan Proteins / analysis
        • Protozoan Proteins / immunology
        • Sarcocystis / immunology
        • Sarcocystosis / immunology
        • Sarcocystosis / veterinary
        • Trypsin / pharmacology

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        Citations

        This article has been cited 5 times.
        1. Nadzirah TTI, Yik FM, Ling LY. Seroprevalence of Sarcocystis falcatula in Two Islands of Malaysia using Recombinant Surface Antigen 4.. Korean J Parasitol 2020 Feb;58(1):1-5.
          doi: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.1.1pubmed: 32145721google scholar: lookup
        2. Lesniak I, Heckmann I, Franz M, Greenwood AD, Heitlinger E, Hofer H, Krone O. Recolonizing gray wolves increase parasite infection risk in their prey.. Ecol Evol 2018 Feb;8(4):2160-2170.
          doi: 10.1002/ece3.3839pubmed: 29468033google scholar: lookup
        3. Dubey JP, Howe DK, Furr M, Saville WJ, Marsh AE, Reed SM, Grigg ME. An update on Sarcocystis neurona infections in animals and equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM).. Vet Parasitol 2015 Apr 15;209(1-2):1-42.
          doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.01.026pubmed: 25737052google scholar: lookup
        4. Ellison S, Witonsky S. Evidence that antibodies against recombinant SnSAG1 of Sarcocystis neurona merozoites are involved in infection and immunity in equine protozoal myeloencephalitis.. Can J Vet Res 2009 Jul;73(3):176-83.
          pubmed: 19794889
        5. Howe DK, Gaji RY, Mroz-Barrett M, Gubbels MJ, Striepen B, Stamper S. Sarcocystis neurona merozoites express a family of immunogenic surface antigens that are orthologues of the Toxoplasma gondii surface antigens (SAGs) and SAG-related sequences.. Infect Immun 2005 Feb;73(2):1023-33.
          doi: 10.1128/IAI.73.2.1023-1033.2005pubmed: 15664946google scholar: lookup
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