Evolutionary history of MHC class I genes in the mammalian order Perissodactyla.
Abstract: We carried out an analysis of partial sequences from expressed major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I genes isolated from a range of equid species and more distantly related members of the mammalian order Perissodactyla. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a minimum of six groups, five of which contained genes and alleles that are found in equid species and one group specific to the rhinoceros. Four of the groups contained only one, or very few sequences, indicating the presence of relatively nonpolymorphic loci, while another group contained the majority of the equid sequences identified. These data suggest that a diversification of MHC genes took place after the split between the Equidae and the Rhinocerotidae yet before the speciation events within the genus Equus.
Publication Date: 1999-09-04 PubMed ID: 10473772DOI: 10.1007/pl00006554Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research article is about a study conducted to analyze the evolutionary history of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I genes in the mammalian order Perissodactyla, which consists of odd-toed ungulates like horses, rhinos, and their relatives. The study found that there are at least six groups of these genes, with most being specific to equid species (relatives of horses) and one being specific to rhinoceroses.
Objective of the Research
- The research aimed to understand the evolutionary history of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I genes within the mammalian order Perissodactyla. The MHC class I genes are important as they play a key role in immunity and disease susceptibility.
Methodology of the Research
- The study involved the analysis of partial sequences from expressed MHC class I genes. These genes were isolated from various equid species and more distantly related members of the Perissodactyla order.
Findings of the Research
- The phylogenetic analysis, which studies the evolutionary relationships among different species, unveiled at least six different groups of MHC class I genes.
- Five of these groups had genes and alleles found in equid species – the family that includes horses and zebras.
- One group was found to be specific to the rhinoceros, a separate family within the Perissodactyla order.
- Four groups contained only one or a few sequences, which suggests the presence of relatively nonpolymorphic loci – indicating these genes don’t vary much within the population.
- One group contained the majority of the equid sequences identified, hinting at a substantial variation or polymorphic loci within this category.
Conclusions of the Research
- The data suggests that a diversification of MHC genes occurred after the evolutionary split between the Equidae family (horses, zebras) and the Rhinocerotidae family (rhinoceroses).
- This diversification, however, occurred before the speciation events within the Equus genus, which includes various species of horses and zebras.
- These findings provide valuable insight into the trajectory of MHC gene evolution in Perissodactyla mammals and can shed light on the disease resistance and susceptibility among different species within this order.
Cite This Article
APA
Holmes EC, Ellis SA.
(1999).
Evolutionary history of MHC class I genes in the mammalian order Perissodactyla.
J Mol Evol, 49(3), 316-324.
https://doi.org/10.1007/pl00006554 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for the Epidemiology of Infectious Disease, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Equidae / genetics
- Evolution, Molecular
- Genes, MHC Class I
- Horses / genetics
- Likelihood Functions
- Mammals
- Perissodactyla / classification
- Perissodactyla / genetics
- Perissodactyla / immunology
- Phylogeny
Grant Funding
- Wellcome Trust
Citations
This article has been cited 14 times.- Vasoya D, Tzelos T, Benedictus L, Karagianni AE, Pirie S, Marr C, Oddsdóttir C, Fintl C, Connelley T. High-Resolution Genotyping of Expressed Equine MHC Reveals a Highly Complex MHC Structure. Genes (Basel) 2023 Jul 10;14(7).
- Ismail NA, Yong CSY, Sin SYW, Annavi G. Low Diversity of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Genes in Endangered Malayan Tapir (Tapirus indicus). Zool Stud 2023;62:e12.
- Rapacz-Leonard A, Dąbrowska M, Janowski T. Major histocompatibility complex I mediates immunological tolerance of the trophoblast during pregnancy and may mediate rejection during parturition. Mediators Inflamm 2014;2014:579279.
- Codner GF, Birch J, Hammond JA, Ellis SA. Constraints on haplotype structure and variable gene frequencies suggest a functional hierarchy within cattle MHC class I. Immunogenetics 2012 Jun;64(6):435-45.
- Sasaki M, Hasebe R, Makino Y, Suzuki T, Fukushi H, Okamoto M, Matsuda K, Taniyama H, Sawa H, Kimura T. Equine major histocompatibility complex class I molecules act as entry receptors that bind to equine herpesvirus-1 glycoprotein D. Genes Cells 2011 Apr;16(4):343-57.
- Kurtz BM, Singletary LB, Kelly SD, Frampton AR Jr. Equus caballus major histocompatibility complex class I is an entry receptor for equine herpesvirus type 1. J Virol 2010 Sep;84(18):9027-34.
- Tallmadge RL, Campbell JA, Miller DC, Antczak DF. Analysis of MHC class I genes across horse MHC haplotypes. Immunogenetics 2010 Mar;62(3):159-72.
- Janova E, Matiasovic J, Vahala J, Vodicka R, Van Dyk E, Horin P. Polymorphism and selection in the major histocompatibility complex DRA and DQA genes in the family Equidae. Immunogenetics 2009 Jul;61(7):513-27.
- Mealey RH, Lee JH, Leib SR, Littke MH, McGuire TC. A single amino acid difference within the alpha-2 domain of two naturally occurring equine MHC class I molecules alters the recognition of Gag and Rev epitopes by equine infectious anemia virus-specific CTL. J Immunol 2006 Nov 15;177(10):7377-90.
- Tallmadge RL, Lear TL, Antczak DF. Genomic characterization of MHC class I genes of the horse. Immunogenetics 2005 Nov;57(10):763-74.
- Miltiadou D, Ballingall KT, Ellis SA, Russell GC, McKeever DJ. Haplotype characterization of transcribed ovine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I genes. Immunogenetics 2005 Aug;57(7):499-509.
- Patton KM, McGuire TC, Hines MT, Mealey RH, Hines SA. Rhodococcus equi-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in immune horses and development in asymptomatic foals. Infect Immun 2005 Apr;73(4):2083-93.
- Kelley J, Walter L, Trowsdale J. Comparative genomics of major histocompatibility complexes. Immunogenetics 2005 Jan;56(10):683-95.
- Holmes EC, Roberts AF, Staines KA, Ellis SA. Evolution of major histocompatibility complex class I genes in Cetartiodactyls. Immunogenetics 2003 Jul;55(4):193-202.
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