Exercise physiology of the older horse.
Abstract: Surveys indicate that up to 15% of the equine population in the United States is older than 20 years of age, with many of these animals performing various athletic activities well into their 20s. As is the case with their human counterparts, these geriatric equine athletes have the ability to continue to perform in athletic events. Unfortunately, many horse owners continue to train their active older animals using exercise training protocols that, although appropriate for a younger animal, may not be appropriate for the older equine athlete. Studies in aged human beings have led to a fine-tuning of exercise prescription for the older human athlete so as to prevent the adverse and potentially dangerous effects of excessive work. Published results have led to new and improved programs to promote fitness for the growing population of older adults. Unfortunately, limited data exist regarding the exercise capacity of the aged horse. Future studies on the effects of aging on exercise capacity in equine athletes need to take a few major directions. One question to be answered is at what age does physiologic function first begin to decline in the horse? In human beings, this age varies with training, but noticeable changes in aerobic capacity are first seen in 40- to 50-year-olds. Second, data are needed to determine what levels of exercise enhance the health and well-being of the older horse without harm. Lastly, studies are needed to determine the physiologic mechanisms associated with the onset of aging-induced decreases in physiologic function in the horse. The ultimate goal of all these studies should be to adjust exercise levels to meet the needs of the growing population of athletically active older equine athletes.
Publication Date: 2003-01-09 PubMed ID: 12516929DOI: 10.1016/s0749-0739(02)00029-9Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Review
Summary
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This research paper explores the exercise physiology of older horses, evaluating the exercise capacity of aged horses, assessing the impact of aging on their physiological function, and suggesting future research directions to ensure optimal health and well-being of older equine athletes.
Background
- The paper begins by noting the growing proportion of older horses in the United States, with approximately 15% of the equine population being over 20 years of age. These horses maintain an athletic lifestyle into their advanced years.
- The author issues a warning that, although older horses can participate in athletic activities, training protocols designed for younger animals may not be suitable for them, potentially leading to adverse effects.
Comparison with Humans and The Need for Study
- The study draws a parallel between older horses’ exercise capabilities and that of mature humans, suggesting similarities in their needs for specific exercise prescriptions to avoid overexertion and injury.
- Despite progress in understanding exercise regimen for older humans, the author underlines a lack of similar study and understanding in equine gerontology. Thus, highlighting the need for more comprehensive research on exercise capacity and protocols for aged equine athletes.
Future Research Directions
- The paper outlines key research questions aimed at improving the understanding of exercise physiology in older horses. Firstly, it seeks to establish the age at which horses begin experiencing a decline in physiological function, drawing comparisons with humans where changes in aerobic capacity start manifesting in 40- to 50-year-olds.
- Secondly, the study wants to pinpoint the levels of exercise that promote overall health and well-being in older horses without causing them harm.
- Lastly, it calls for research to understand the physiological mechanisms that contribute to aging-related decreases in function in horses.
Goal of the Study
- The study underscores the need to adjust exercise routines to match the needs of the growing population of older, athletically active horses, to ensure their optimal health, performance, and longevity.
Cite This Article
APA
McKeever KH.
(2003).
Exercise physiology of the older horse.
Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract, 18(3), 469-490.
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0739(02)00029-9 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Equine Science Center, Department of Animal Science, Cook College, Rutgers--The State University of New Jersey, 84 Lipman Drive, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8525, USA. mckeever@aesop.rutgers.edu
MeSH Terms
- Aging / physiology
- Animals
- Body Composition / physiology
- Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena
- Exercise Tolerance
- Homeostasis / physiology
- Horses / physiology
- Physical Conditioning, Animal / physiology
- Respiration
References
This article includes 90 references
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Ferlazzo A, Cravana C, Fazio E, Medica P. The different hormonal system during exercise stress coping in horses. Vet World 2020 May;13(5):847-859.
- Li C, White SH, Warren LK, Wohlgemuth SE. Effects of aging on mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle of American American Quarter Horses. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2016 Jul 1;121(1):299-311.
- Lewczuk D, Borowska A, Andruszkiewicz J, Bagnicka E. Comparative Analysis of the Stallion Field Performance Test at Different Training Stages and Horse Age. Animals (Basel) 2025 Nov 13;15(22).
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