FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / J Reprod Dev / Expression of aldo-keto reductase 1C23 in the equine corpus ...
The Journal of reproduction and development2014; 60(2); 150-154; doi: 10.1262/jrd.2013-120

Expression of aldo-keto reductase 1C23 in the equine corpus luteum in different luteal phases.

Abstract: Regression of the corpus luteum (CL) is characterized by a decay in progesterone (P4) production (functional luteolysis) and disappearance of luteal tissues (structural luteolysis). In mares, structural luteolysis is thought to be caused by apoptosis of luteal cells, but functional luteolysis is poorly understood. 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20α-HSD) catabolizes P4 into its biologically inactive form, 20α-hydroxyprogesterone (20α-OHP). In mares, aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1C23, which is a member of the AKR superfamily, has 20α-HSD activity. To clarify whether AKR1C23 is associated with functional luteolysis in mares, we investigated the expression of AKR1C23 in the CL in different luteal phases. The luteal P4 concentration and levels of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) mRNA were higher in the mid luteal phase than in the late and regressed luteal phases (P<0.05), but the level of 3β-HSD protein was higher in the late luteal phase than in the regressed luteal phase (P<0.05). The luteal 20α-OHP concentration and the level of AKR1C23 mRNA were higher in the late luteal phase than in the early and mid luteal phases (P<0.05), and the level of AKR1C23 protein was also highest in the late luteal phase. Taken together, these findings suggest that metabolism of P4 by AKR1C23 is one of the processes contributing to functional luteolysis in mares.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2014-02-04 PubMed ID: 24492656PubMed Central: PMC3999394DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2013-120Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article primarily investigates the possible role of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1C23 enzyme in the decay of the corpus luteum, a key part of the reproductive cycle in mares.

Understanding the Corpus Luteum and Luteolysis

  • The corpus luteum (CL) is a crucial part of the mare’s reproductive system, responsible for producing the hormone progesterone (P4).
  • Luteolysis refers to the process where the CL regresess, leading to the reduction in P4 production (functional luteolysis) and the disappearance of luteal tissues (structural luteolysis).
  • The decline in progesterone initiates the next menstrual cycle. However, the specific mechanism behind functional luteolysis has remained unclear.

The Role of the AKR 1C23 Enzyme

  • 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20α-HSD) is an enzyme that transforms P4 into an inactive form named 20α-hydroxyprogesterone (20α-OHP).
  • AKR 1C23 is an enzyme in mares that has shown 20α-HSD activity, making it a potential player in the functional luteolysis process.

Research Methodology and Findings

  • The researchers aimed to understand AKR 1C23’s function in luteolysis by analysing its expression in the CL at different points during the luteal phase.
  • The results revealed that both the luteal P4 concentration and the expression levels of the enzyme 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) mRNA were higher in the mid luteal phase compared to the late and regressed phases.
  • Interestingly, the 3β-HSD protein level was higher in the late phase than in the regressed phase, the reason for which is unclear.
  • Lastly, the concentration of 20α-OHP and the level of AKR 1C23 mRNA and protein were all highest in the late luteal phase.
  • This pattern aligns with the expected functionality as AKR 1C23’s conversion of P4 to 20α-OHP should rise as the luteal phase progresses toward luteolysis.

Conclusion

  • Taken together, the research suggests that AKR 1C23 plays a significant role in the functional luteolysis in mares.
  • The increase in this enzyme may lead to an increase in the breakdown of progesterone into an inactive form, decreasing progesterone levels and thus initiating the next menstrual cycle.

Cite This Article

APA
Kozai K, Hojo T, Tokuyama S, Szóstek AZ, Takahashi M, Sakatani M, Nambo Y, Skarzynski DJ, Okuda K. (2014). Expression of aldo-keto reductase 1C23 in the equine corpus luteum in different luteal phases. J Reprod Dev, 60(2), 150-154. https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2013-120

Publication

The Journal of reproduction and development
ISSN: 1348-4400
NlmUniqueID: 9438792
Country: Japan
Language: English
Volume: 60
Issue: 2
Pages: 150-154

Researcher Affiliations

Kozai, Keisuke
  • Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
Hojo, Takuo
    Tokuyama, Shota
      Szóstek, Anna Z
        Takahashi, Masashi
          Sakatani, Miki
            Nambo, Yasuo
              Skarzynski, Dariusz J
                Okuda, Kiyoshi

                  MeSH Terms

                  • 20-alpha-Dihydroprogesterone / biosynthesis
                  • 20-alpha-Dihydroprogesterone / genetics
                  • 3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases / biosynthesis
                  • 3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases / genetics
                  • Aldehyde Reductase / biosynthesis
                  • Aldehyde Reductase / genetics
                  • Aldo-Keto Reductases
                  • Animals
                  • Blotting, Western
                  • Corpus Luteum / enzymology
                  • Female
                  • Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
                  • Horses / metabolism
                  • Luteal Phase / metabolism
                  • Luteolysis / physiology
                  • Progesterone / biosynthesis
                  • Progesterone / genetics
                  • RNA / chemistry
                  • RNA / genetics
                  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary

                  References

                  This article includes 23 references
                  1. McCracken JA, Custer EE, Lamsa JC. Luteolysis: a neuroendocrine-mediated event.. Physiol Rev 1999 Apr;79(2):263-323.
                    pubmed: 10221982doi: 10.1152/physrev.1999.79.2.263google scholar: lookup
                  2. Al-Zi'abi MO, Fraser HM, Watson ED. Cell death during natural and induced luteal regression in mares.. Reproduction 2002 Jan;123(1):67-77.
                    pubmed: 11869188
                  3. Ishida M, Choi JH, Hirabayashi K, Matsuwaki T, Suzuki M, Yamanouchi K, Horai R, Sudo K, Iwakura Y, Nishihara M. Reproductive phenotypes in mice with targeted disruption of the 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase gene.. J Reprod Dev 2007 Jun;53(3):499-508.
                    pubmed: 17272929doi: 10.1262/jrd.18125google scholar: lookup
                  4. Matsuda J, Noda K, Shiota K, Takahashi M. Participation of ovarian 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in luteotrophic and luteolytic processes during rat pseudopregnancy.. J Reprod Fertil 1990 Mar;88(2):467-74.
                    pubmed: 2325014doi: 10.1530/jrf.0.0880467google scholar: lookup
                  5. Naidansuren P, Park CW, Kim SH, Nanjidsuren T, Park JJ, Yun SJ, Sim BW, Hwang S, Kang MH, Ryu BY, Hwang SY, Yoon JT, Yamanouchi K, Min KS. Molecular characterization of bovine placental and ovarian 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.. Reproduction 2011 Nov;142(5):723-31.
                    pmc: PMC3207728pubmed: 21908655doi: 10.1530/rep-11-0093google scholar: lookup
                  6. Jez JM, Bennett MJ, Schlegel BP, Lewis M, Penning TM. Comparative anatomy of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily.. Biochem J 1997 Sep 15;326 ( Pt 3)(Pt 3):625-36.
                    pmc: PMC1218714pubmed: 9307009doi: 10.1042/bj3260625google scholar: lookup
                  7. Brown KA, Boerboom D, Bouchard N, Doré M, Lussier JG, Sirois J. Human chorionic gonadotropin-dependent induction of an equine aldo-keto reductase (AKR1C23) with 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity during follicular luteinization in vivo.. J Mol Endocrinol 2006 Jun;36(3):449-61.
                    pubmed: 16720716doi: 10.1677/jme.1.01987google scholar: lookup
                  8. Ginther OJ. Characteristics of the ovulatory season.. In: Reproductive Biology of the Mare: Basic and Applied Aspects. 2nd ed. Wisconsin: Equiservices; 1992: 173–232.
                  9. Ferreira-Dias G, Bravo PP, Mateus L, Redmer DA, Medeiros JA. Microvascularization and angiogenic activity of equine corpora lutea throughout the estrous cycle.. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2006 May;30(4):247-59.
                    pubmed: 16140491doi: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2005.07.007google scholar: lookup
                  10. Wijayagunawardane MP, Miyamoto A, Cerbito WA, Acosta TJ, Takagi M, Sato K. Local distributions of oviductal estradiol, progesterone, prostaglandins, oxytocin and endothelin-1 in the cyclic cow.. Theriogenology 1998 Feb;49(3):607-18.
                    pubmed: 10732039doi: 10.1016/s0093-691x(98)00011-9google scholar: lookup
                  11. Okuda K, Uenoyama Y, Fujita Y, Iga K, Sakamoto K, Kimura T. Functional oxytocin receptors in bovine granulosa cells.. Biol Reprod 1997 Mar;56(3):625-31.
                    pubmed: 9047006doi: 10.1095/biolreprod56.3.625google scholar: lookup
                  12. Sakumoto R, Komatsu T, Kasuya E, Saito T, Okuda K. Expression of mRNAs for interleukin-4, interleukin-6 and their receptors in porcine corpus luteum during the estrous cycle.. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2006 Oct;31(3):246-57.
                    pubmed: 16332426doi: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2005.11.001google scholar: lookup
                  13. Rozen S, Skaletsky H. Primer3 on the WWW for general users and for biologist programmers.. Methods Mol Biol 2000;132:365-86.
                    pubmed: 10547847doi: 10.1385/1-59259-192-2:365google scholar: lookup
                  14. Osnes T, Sandstad O, Skar V, Osnes M, Kierulf P. Total protein in common duct bile measured by acetonitrile precipitation and a micro bicinchoninic acid (BCA) method.. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1993 Nov;53(7):757-63.
                    pubmed: 8272764doi: 10.3109/00365519309092582google scholar: lookup
                  15. Ginther OJ, Gastal EL, Gastal MO, Beg MA. Regulation of circulating gonadotropins by the negative effects of ovarian hormones in mares.. Biol Reprod 2005 Aug;73(2):315-23.
                    pubmed: 15829621doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.105.040253google scholar: lookup
                  16. Slough TL, Rispoli LA, Carnevale EM, Niswender GD, Bruemmer JE. Temporal gene expression in equine corpora lutea based on serial biopsies in vivo.. J Anim Sci 2011 Feb;89(2):389-96.
                    pubmed: 20852074doi: 10.2527/jas.2010-3247google scholar: lookup
                  17. Tian XC, Berndtson AK, Fortune JE. Changes in levels of messenger ribonucleic acid for cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase during prostaglandin F2 alpha-induced luteolysis in cattle.. Biol Reprod 1994 Feb;50(2):349-56.
                    pubmed: 8142550doi: 10.1095/biolreprod50.2.349google scholar: lookup
                  18. Rodgers RJ, Vella CA, Young FM, Tian XC, Fortune JE. Concentrations of cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase during prostaglandin F2 alpha-induced luteal regression in cattle.. Reprod Fertil Dev 1995;7(5):1213-6.
                    pubmed: 8848589doi: 10.1071/rd9951213google scholar: lookup
                  19. Hawkins DE, Belfiore CJ, Kile JP, Niswender GD. Regulation of messenger ribonucleic acid encoding 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5-delta 4 isomerase in the ovine corpus luteum.. Biol Reprod 1993 May;48(5):1185-90.
                    pubmed: 8481479doi: 10.1095/biolreprod48.5.1185google scholar: lookup
                  20. Juengel JL, Meberg BM, McIntush EW, Smith MF, Niswender GD. Concentration of mRNA encoding 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5,delta 4 isomerase (3 beta-HSD) and 3 beta-HSD enzyme activity following treatment of ewes with prostaglandin F2 alpha.. Endocrine 1998 Feb;8(1):45-50.
                    pubmed: 9666344doi: 10.1385/endo:8:1:45google scholar: lookup
                  21. Stocco CO, Zhong L, Sugimoto Y, Ichikawa A, Lau LF, Gibori G. Prostaglandin F2alpha-induced expression of 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase involves the transcription factor NUR77.. J Biol Chem 2000 Nov 24;275(47):37202-11.
                    pubmed: 10973968doi: 10.1074/jbc.m006016200google scholar: lookup
                  22. Ginther OJ. Endocrinology of the ovulatory season.. In: Reproductive Biology of the Mare: Basic and Applied Aspects. 2nd ed. Wisconsin: Equiservices; 1992: 233–290.
                  23. Galvao AM, Ramilo DW, Skarzynski DJ, Lukasik K, Tramontano A, Mollo A, Mateus LM, Ferreira-Dias GM. Is FAS/Fas ligand system involved in equine corpus luteum functional regression?. Biol Reprod 2010 Dec;83(6):901-8.
                    pubmed: 20720169doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.110.084699google scholar: lookup

                  Citations

                  This article has been cited 3 times.
                  1. Piotrowska-Tomala KK, Jonczyk AW, Szóstek-Mioduchowska AZ, Żebrowska E, Ferreira-Dias G, Skarzynski DJ. The Effects of Prostaglandin E(2) Treatment on the Secretory Function of Mare Corpus Luteum Depends on the Site of Application: An in vivo Study. Front Vet Sci 2021;8:753796.
                    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.753796pubmed: 35242830google scholar: lookup
                  2. Boakari YL, Ali HE, Dini P, Loux S, Fernandes CB, Scoggin K, Esteller-Vico A, Lawrence L, Ball B. A High Protein Model Alters the Endometrial Transcriptome of Mares. Genes (Basel) 2019 Jul 30;10(8).
                    doi: 10.3390/genes10080576pubmed: 31366166google scholar: lookup
                  3. Kikuchi K, Kozai K, Hojo T, Sakatani M, Okuda K, Bai H, Kawahara M, Takahashi M. Evaluating the electrical impedance and mucus-related gene expression of uterine endometrial tissues in mares. J Reprod Dev 2018 Apr 13;64(2):193-197.
                    doi: 10.1262/jrd.2017-128pubmed: 29311525google scholar: lookup
                  Subscribe to our newsletter
                  Join 99,357 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.