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Veterinary sciences2022; 9(9); 474; doi: 10.3390/vetsci9090474

Expression of Cell-Cycle Regulatory Proteins pRb, Cyclin D1, and p53 Is Not Associated with Recurrence Rates of Equine Sarcoids.

Abstract: Sarcoids are among the most common tumors diagnosed in equids; their association with bovine papillomaviruses (BPV) infection has been widely reported, but the mechanism of carcinogenesis has not been fully elucidated. To verify whether BPV infection causes dysregulation of the pRb-Cyclin D1-p16-p53 pathway as reported for human papillomavirus (HPV), the study employed immunohistochemistry to test 55 equine sarcoid biopsies for the expression of pRb, Cyclin D1, and p53 cell cycle regulatory proteins and to evaluate the proliferative rate through Ki67. High Cyclin D1 and pRb expression were observed in 51% and 80% of cases, respectively, while low expression was observed in 49% and 20% of cases, respectively. Significantly higher Ki67 proliferation indexes were observed in fibroblastic, nodular, and mixed sarcoids compared to the occult and verrucous. High proliferation was significantly associated with high Cyclin D1 expression. In contrast with previous studies, p53 positivity was not observed in the cases examined in this study. Moreover, follow-up analysis revealed that fibroblastic, mixed sarcoids were associated with significantly higher local recurrence rates while the verrucous subtype was associated with higher rates of new sarcoid development at distant sites.
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Publication Date: 2022-09-01 PubMed ID: 36136690PubMed Central: PMC9504470DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9090474Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigates the link between Bovine Papillomaviruses infection and the regulation of certain proteins involved in cell cycle regulation in relation to equine sarcoid tumors. It found that while the presence of certain proteins was high in some tumor subtypes, there was no observed correlation with recurrence rates.

Understanding Equine Sarcoids and Cell-Cycle Regulatory Proteins

  • Sarcoids are common tumors in equids, entities including horses, donkeys, and zebras.
  • These tumors have been identified as being associated with an infection from Bovine Papillomaviruses, although the exact mechanisms causing the tumors are not fully understood.
  • The proteins pRb, Cyclin D1, and p53 play critical roles in regulating the cell cycle. Regularities or irregularities in their expression could impact cell division and potentially instigate tumor growth.

Methodology and Findings

  • The research study involved usage of immunohistochemistry to test 55 equine sarcoid biopsy samples for the expression of the cell-cycle regulatory proteins pRb, Cyclin D1, and p53. Furthermore, proliferation rate was assessed through Ki67, another protein marker which indicates cell proliferation.
  • The results showed high levels of Cyclin D1 and pRb expression in 51% and 80% of cases, respectively, and low expression in the remaining cases.
  • The study also revealed higher Ki67 proliferation rates in certain types of sarcoids (fibroblastic, nodular, and mixed) relative to others (occult and verrucous).
  • A significant association was noticed between high proliferation and high Cyclin D1 expression.

Interpreting Results and Implications

  • Contrary to other research, the studied samples showed no positive p53 expression.
  • Additional analysis highlighted that fibroblastic, mixed sarcoids had significantly higher local recurrence rates, whereas verrucous subtype had higher incidence of new sarcoid development at different locations.
  • The noteworthy point, however, is that despite these findings, the expression of pRb, Cyclin D1, and p53 was not connected with the rates of recurrence, meaning the regulation of these proteins does not seem to correlate or influence the recurrence of these tumors.

Cite This Article

APA
Tura G, Brunetti B, Brigandì E, Rinnovati R, Sarli G, Avallone G, Muscatello LV, La Ragione RM, Durham AE, Bacci B. (2022). Expression of Cell-Cycle Regulatory Proteins pRb, Cyclin D1, and p53 Is Not Associated with Recurrence Rates of Equine Sarcoids. Vet Sci, 9(9), 474. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9090474

Publication

Veterinary sciences
ISSN: 2306-7381
NlmUniqueID: 101680127
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 9
Issue: 9
PII: 474

Researcher Affiliations

Tura, Giorgia
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
Brunetti, Barbara
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
Brigandì, Elena
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
Rinnovati, Riccardo
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
Sarli, Giuseppe
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
Avallone, Giancarlo
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
Muscatello, Luisa Vera
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
La Ragione, Roberto Marcello
  • School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
  • School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
Durham, Andy E
  • School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
  • Liphook Equine Hospital, Liphook GU30 7JG, UK.
Bacci, Barbara
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Karalus W, Subharat S, Orbell G, Vaatstra B, Munday JS. Equine sarcoids: A clinicopathologic study of 49 cases, with mitotic count and clinical type predictive of recurrence. Vet Pathol 2024 May;61(3):357-365.
    doi: 10.1177/03009858231209408pubmed: 37937724google scholar: lookup
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