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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Vet Sci / Expression of von Willebrand factor, pulmonary intravascular...
Journal of veterinary science2016; 18(1); 17-23; doi: 10.4142/jvs.2017.18.1.17

Expression of von Willebrand factor, pulmonary intravascular macrophages, and Toll-like receptors in lungs of septic foals.

Abstract: Sepsis causes significant mortality in neonatal foals; however, there is little data describing the cellular and molecular pathways of lung inflammation in septic foals. This study was conducted to characterize lung inflammation in septic foals. Lung tissue sections from control (n = 6) and septic (n = 17) foals were compared using histology and immunohistology. Blinded pathologic scoring of hematoxylin and eosin stained samples revealed increased features of lung inflammation such as thickened alveolar septa and sequestered inflammatory cells in septic foals. Septic foal lungs showed increased expression of von Willebrand factor in blood vessels, demonstrating vascular inflammation. Use of MAC387 antibody to detect calprotectin as a reflection of mononuclear cell infiltration revealed a significant increase in their numbers in alveolar septa of lungs from septic foals compared to those from control foals. The mononuclear cells appeared to be mature macrophages and were located in the septal capillaries, suggesting they were pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIMs). Finally, lungs from septic foals showed increased expression of Toll-like receptor 4 and 9 in mononuclear cells relative to the control. Taken together, this study is the first to show the expression of inflammatory molecules and an increase in PIMs in lungs from foals that died from sepsis.
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Publication Date: 2016-06-15 PubMed ID: 27297419PubMed Central: PMC5366298DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2017.18.1.17Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article abstract outlines a study that investigates lung inflammation in foals who died from sepsis. The study reveals the presence of increased inflammatory molecules and macrophages in their lungs compared to healthy foals.

Objective of the Study

  • The main objective of the study was to characterize lung inflammation in septic foals and differentiate it from that in healthy foals. Limited prior studies had delved into the molecular and cellular processes related to lung inflammation in septic foals, and this research aimed to fill that gap.

Methodology

  • Six healthy foals and 17 septic foal lungs were selected for the study.
  • Pieces of lung tissues from both sets of foals were analyzed using histology and immunohistology, comparative scientific techniques that study the microscopic anatomy and its variation in diseased conditions.
  • The samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, a common technique in histology for the visualization of tissue structure.

Findings of the Study

  • The stained specimens from the septic foals revealed increased features of lung inflammation compared to the healthy ones.
  • Elements of inflammation included thickened alveolar septa (dividing walls in the lungs) and sequestered inflammatory cells.
  • These findings suggested vascular inflammation given the increased expression of Von Willebrand factor, a blood protein that helps clotting, in the blood vessels of the septic foals.
  • Using the MAC387 antibody, which is known to detect calprotectin (a marker of inflammation), scientists observed a significant increase in mononuclear cells in the alveolar septa of septic foals. The presence of mature macrophages showed that these mononuclear cells were pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIMs).
  • Additionally, expression of Toll-like receptors 4 and 9, integral parts of the immune system, was found to be upregulated in the mononuclear cells of the septic foals’ lungs.

Conclusion

  • This research sheds light on the inflammatory pathways involved in foal lung sepsis, notably the increase in PIMs and upregulation of certain Toll-like receptors.
  • The research is significant for introducing a new dimension of understanding sepsis-associated inflammation in young horses, which ultimately could lead to better management and therapeutic strategies.

Cite This Article

APA
Harrison JM, Quanstrom LM, Robinson AR, Wobeser B, Anderson SL, Singh B. (2016). Expression of von Willebrand factor, pulmonary intravascular macrophages, and Toll-like receptors in lungs of septic foals. J Vet Sci, 18(1), 17-23. https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2017.18.1.17

Publication

Journal of veterinary science
ISSN: 1976-555X
NlmUniqueID: 100964185
Country: Korea (South)
Language: English
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Pages: 17-23

Researcher Affiliations

Harrison, Jacqueline M E
  • Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada.
Quanstrom, Leah M
  • Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada.
Robinson, Alex R
  • Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada.
Wobeser, Bruce
  • Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada.
Anderson, Stacy L
  • Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada.
Singh, Baljit
  • Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Gene Expression
  • Horse Diseases / genetics
  • Horse Diseases / immunology
  • Horse Diseases / microbiology
  • Horses
  • Inflammation / genetics
  • Inflammation / immunology
  • Inflammation / microbiology
  • Inflammation / veterinary
  • Lung / metabolism
  • Macrophages, Alveolar / metabolism
  • Sepsis / genetics
  • Sepsis / immunology
  • Sepsis / microbiology
  • Sepsis / veterinary
  • Toll-Like Receptors / genetics
  • Toll-Like Receptors / metabolism
  • von Willebrand Factor / genetics
  • von Willebrand Factor / metabolism

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 4 times.
  1. Sengupta A, Dorn A, Jamshidi M, Schwob M, Hassan W, De Maddalena LL, Hugi A, Stucki AO, Dorn P, Marti TM, Wisser O, Stucki JD, Krebs T, Hobi N, Guenat OT. A multiplex inhalation platform to model in situ like aerosol delivery in a breathing lung-on-chip. Front Pharmacol 2023;14:1114739.
    doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1114739pubmed: 36959848google scholar: lookup
  2. Townsend M, Fowler B, Aulakh GK, Singh B. Expression of pentraxin 3 in equine lungs and neutrophils. Can J Vet Res 2023 Jan;87(1):9-16.
    pubmed: 36606044
  3. Bocking T, Johnson L, Singh A, Desai A, Aulakh GK, Singh B. Research article expression of surfactant protein-A and D, and CD9 in lungs of 1 and 30 day old foals. BMC Vet Res 2021 Jul 5;17(1):236.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-021-02943-5pubmed: 34225699google scholar: lookup
  4. Le NPK, Gerdts V, Singh B. Integrin alpha-v/beta3 expression in equine lungs and jejunum. Can J Vet Res 2020 Oct;84(4):245-251.
    pubmed: 33012972
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