Expression of xenobiotic metabolising enzymes in lungs of horses with or without histological evidence of lower airway inflammation.
Abstract: Mild, moderate and severe equine asthma is a problem for equine welfare. The aetiology of the disease is not known in detail but is likely multi-factorial. One important factor may be inhaled dust which carries harmful substances which may be bioactivated and thus can lead to local inflammation in the airways. The aim of this study was to investigate gene expression and protein localisation of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, superoxide dismutase and glutathione-S-transferases (GST) involved in bioactivation and detoxification of harmful substances in lungs of horses with or without histological evidence of lower airway inflammation. Significantly lower gene expression of CYP2A13 and GSTM1 was observed in lungs from horses with histological evidence of lower airway inflammation compared with horses without. A higher expression, although not significant, was found for CYP1A1 in horses with histological evidence of lower airway inflammation. There were no differences in gene expression of GSTP1 and SOD3. The proteins were localised in the respiratory epithelium which is of relevance as a defence to local exposure of inhaled harmful substances. In conclusion, our study reports differential gene expression of enzymes involved in bioactivation and detoxification of foreign substances in the lungs of horses with histological evidence of lower airway inflammation compared with horses without.
© 2020 The Authors. Veterinary Medicine and Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Publication Date: 2020-08-13 PubMed ID: 32791560PubMed Central: PMC7840205DOI: 10.1002/vms3.331Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research study investigated the expression of certain enzymes in horses’ lungs which are believed to contribute to asthma by activating and detoxifying harmful substances. The study found notable differences between horses with and without lower airway inflammation.
Objectives of the Study
- The central aim of the study was to understand whether the expression and localization of certain xenobiotic metabolising enzymes in the lungs is associated with inflammation in the lower airways, which is a signature of different stages of equine asthma.
- The focus was on key enzymes involved in the bioactivation and detoxification of harmful substances, namely cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione-S-transferases (GST).
Methodology
- The researchers compared horses with and without histological evidence of lower airway inflammation.
- They examined the gene expression and protein localization of the selected enzymes to determine their role in equine asthma.
Key Findings
- Critical variances in the gene expression of certain enzymes were discovered between horses with and without airway inflammation.
- Particularly, gene expression of CYP2A13 and GSTM1 was significantly lower in horses with lower airway inflammation.
- A higher, though not significant, expression was noted for CYP1A1 in horses showing signs of airway inflammation.
- The study did not notice differences in gene expression of GSTP1 and SOD3.
- The proteins were localized in the respiratory epithelium, suggesting its importance as a defense line against local exposure to harmful substances.
Conclusions
- The study delivers crucial insights into the differential gene expression of enzymes responsible for activating and detoxifying foreign materials in horses’ lungs.
- The findings potentially shed light on the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying equine asthma and may contribute to the development of effective treatment strategies.
Cite This Article
APA
Löfgren M, Larsson P, Lindberg R, Hörnaeus K, Tydén E.
(2020).
Expression of xenobiotic metabolising enzymes in lungs of horses with or without histological evidence of lower airway inflammation.
Vet Med Sci, 7(1), 16-24.
https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.331 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Asthma / immunology
- Asthma / metabolism
- Asthma / veterinary
- Female
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horse Diseases / metabolism
- Horses
- Inflammation / immunology
- Inflammation / metabolism
- Inflammation / veterinary
- Lung / enzymology
- Lung / physiology
- Male
- Xenobiotics / metabolism
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
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