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Fédération Equestre Internationale endurance events: Risk factors for failure to qualify outcomes at the level of the horse, ride and rider (2010-2015).
Abstract: An epidemiological study of elite endurance riding was conducted using data from every Fédération Equestre Internationale (FEI) endurance event from 2010 to 2015, comprising 82,917 starts. The aim of the study was to identify risk factors associated with failure to qualify outcomes for horses during FEI endurance rides. The FEI endurance rules state that, during a ride, horses must be assessed by veterinarians several times, giving veterinarians the opportunity to prevent those horses exhibiting signs of lameness or metabolic problems from continuing further. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to identify horse, ride and rider level risk factors associated with failure to qualify. Risk factors particularly associated with increased likelihood of failure to qualify due to lameness included age of horse≥9 years, male horse, male rider, field size≥61 horses and if the ride was held in region group II (Northern and Eastern Europe). Factors associated with increased likelihood of failure to qualify due to metabolic problems included whether the ride was held in region group VII (North Africa and the Middle East), ride distance≥100km and male rider. Some risk factors, such as field size, may be modifiable at the ride level. Other risk factors such as horse age or sex are unmodifiable, but awareness of the risk contributed by these factors can provide veterinarians with additional information while treating horses during endurance rides.
Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2018-04-23 PubMed ID: 29871749DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.04.011Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research paper is about a study that was conducted using data from Fédération Equestre Internationale (FEI) endurance events from 2010 to 2015, to identify risk factors associated with horses failing to qualify in such events due to lameness or metabolic issues.
Research Design and Data Collection
- The study is an epidemiological analysis of elite endurance riding, involving data from every FEI endurance event that took place between 2010 and 2015.
- The dataset comprises 82,917 starts, providing a significantly sized sample for the study.
- The FEI’s endurance rules mandate that veterinarians assess horses multiple times during a ride, ensuring that those exhibiting lameness or metabolic problems are prevented from continuing. This process created the outcome variable, that is, whether or not a horse failed to qualify.
Main Findings
- Through multivariable logistic regression models, several risk factors were identified that increased the likelihood of a horse failing to qualify due to lameness or metabolic problems.
- Lameness-related risk factors included a horse’s age being 9 years or more, male horses, male riders, a field size of 61 horses or more, and if the ride took place in the Northern and Eastern Europe region.
- Metabolic problem-related risk factors were found to be associated with rides held in the North Africa and the Middle East region, a ride distance of 100km or more, and male riders.
Implications
- The study sheds light on key risk factors that veterinarians and event organizers could pay attention to while managing endurance rides.
- Some of these risk factors, for instance, field size, can be modified at the event level to potentially reduce the number of non-qualifications due to lameness or metabolic issues.
- Other factors, such as the age or sex of the horse, cannot be directly changed but awareness of the increased risk can prepare veterinarians better during the endurance rides.
Cite This Article
APA
Bennet ED, Parkin TDH.
(2018).
Fédération Equestre Internationale endurance events: Risk factors for failure to qualify outcomes at the level of the horse, ride and rider (2010-2015).
Vet J, 236, 44-48.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.04.011 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK. Electronic address: Euan.Bennet@glasgow.ac.uk.
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK.
MeSH Terms
- Age Factors
- Animals
- Female
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horse Diseases / etiology
- Horses / injuries
- Horses / physiology
- Lameness, Animal / etiology
- Male
- Metabolic Diseases / etiology
- Metabolic Diseases / veterinary
- Physical Conditioning, Animal / physiology
- Physical Endurance / physiology
- Risk Factors
- Sex Factors
- Sports
Citations
This article has been cited 11 times.- Watson WL, MacKay JRD, Dwyer CM. Healthy as a Horse? Characterising the UK and Ireland's Horse Owners, Their Horses, and Owner-Reported Health and Behavioural Issues. Animals (Basel) 2025 Jan 31;15(3).
- Marichal G, Suárez G, Meikle A, Muriel M. Post competition recovery of hydroelectrolytic and acid-base variables under distinct comfort indexes in equines participating in 90 km Federate RAID. Open Vet J 2024 Dec;14(12):3203-3212.
- Verdegaal EJMM, Howarth GS, McWhorter TJ, Delesalle CJG. Thermoregulation during Field Exercise in Horses Using Skin Temperature Monitoring. Animals (Basel) 2023 Dec 30;14(1).
- Annan R, Trigg LE, Hockenhull J, Allen K, Butler D, Valenchon M, Mullan S. Racehorse welfare across a training season. Front Vet Sci 2023;10:1208744.
- Bollinger L, Bartel A, Weber C, Gehlen H. Pre-Ride Biomarkers and Endurance Horse Welfare: Analyzing the Impact of the Elimination of Superoxide Dismutase, δ-Aminolevulinic-Dehydratase, Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances, Iron, and Serum Amyloid A Levels in Elite 160 km Endurance Rides. Animals (Basel) 2023 May 17;13(10).
- Marichal G, Trigo P, Soto C, Meikle A, Suárez G. Hydroelectrolytic and Acid-Base Parameters after 80 to 115 km Endurance Races (Raid Uruguayo) and Their Association with the Comfort Index. Animals (Basel) 2023 Feb 14;13(4).
- Verdegaal EJMM, Howarth GS, McWhorter TJ, Delesalle CJG. Is Continuous Monitoring of Skin Surface Temperature a Reliable Proxy to Assess the Thermoregulatory Response in Endurance Horses During Field Exercise?. Front Vet Sci 2022;9:894146.
- de Mira MC, Lamy E, Santos R, Williams J, Pinto MV, Martins PS, Rodrigues P, Marlin D. Salivary cortisol and eye temperature changes during endurance competitions. BMC Vet Res 2021 Oct 14;17(1):329.
- Verdegaal EJMM, Howarth GS, McWhorter TJ, Boshuizen B, Franklin SH, Vidal Moreno de Vega C, Jonas SE, Folwell LE, Delesalle CJG. Continuous Monitoring of the Thermoregulatory Response in Endurance Horses and Trotter Horses During Field Exercise: Baselining for Future Hot Weather Studies. Front Physiol 2021;12:708737.
- Bollinger L, Bartel A, Küper A, Weber C, Gehlen H. Age and Hydration of Competing Horses Influence the Outcome of Elite 160 km Endurance Rides. Front Vet Sci 2021;8:668650.
- Legg KA, Weston JF, Gee EK, Bolwell CF, Bridges JP, Rogers CW. Characteristics of Endurance Competitions and Risk Factors for Elimination in New Zealand during Six Seasons of Competition (2010/11-2015/16). Animals (Basel) 2019 Aug 27;9(9).
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