Fibroblast-associated protein-α expression and BPV nucleic acid distribution in equine sarcoids.
Abstract: Sarcoids are the most common cutaneous tumor of equids and are caused by bovine papillomavirus (BPV). Different clinical subtypes of sarcoids are well characterized clinically but not histologically, and it is not known whether viral activity influences the clinical or histological appearance of the tumors. The aim of this study was to verify whether the development of different clinical types of sarcoids or the presence of certain histological features were associated with BPV distribution within the tumor. The presence of BPV was assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and visualized in histological sections by chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) in 74 equine sarcoids. Furthermore, to better characterize the molecular features of neoplastic cells, immunohistochemistry for S100, smooth muscle actin-α (αSMA), and fibroblast-associated protein-α (FAPα) was performed. The presence of BPV was confirmed in all tissues examined by either or both PCR and CISH (72/74, 97% each). Of 70/74 CISH-positive cases, signal distribution appeared as either diffuse (61/70, 87%) or subepithelial (9/70, 13%); the latter was more frequently observed in the verrucous subtype. However, no statistically significant association was found between clinical subtypes and specific histological features or hybridization pattern. Moreover, CISH signal for BPV was not detected in the epidermis overlying sarcoids nor in the tissue surrounding the neoplasms. By immunohistochemistry, αSMA confirmed the myofibroblastic differentiation of neoplastic cells in 28/74 (38%) sarcoids. Using tissue microarrays, FAPα labelling was observed in neoplastic fibroblasts of all sarcoids, suggesting this marker as a potential candidate for the immunohistochemical diagnosis of sarcoids.
Publication Date: 2021-06-15 PubMed ID: 34128437DOI: 10.1177/03009858211022696Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research aims to examine the different clinical types of equine sarcoids – a common horse skin tumor stemming from bovine papillomavirus (BPV) – and whether these variants along with certain histological features are linked with the virus’s distribution in these tumors.
Objective and Methods
- The main objective in this study was to ascertain if the spread-pattern of different clinical types of sarcoids or the presence of certain histological attributes were linked with the virus’s distribution in the tumor.
- The assessment of BPV’s presence in 74 equine sarcoids was conducted using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH), a technique for visualization in histological sections.
- To better delineate the molecular attributes of the neoplastic cells, the researchers utilized techniques like immunohistochemistry for S100, smooth muscle actin-α (αSMA), and fibroblast-associated protein-α (FAPα).
Findings
- BPV was detected in almost all the examined samples either by PCR or CISH.
- In the majority of CISH-positive cases, the distribution of the virus was diffuse rather than subepithelial, with the latter being frequently observed in the verrucous subtype of the tumor.
- The study found no significant correlation between clinical subtypes, specific histological features, or hybridization pattern.
- CISH signals for BPV were not detected in the sarcoid’s overlying epidermis or surrounding tissue.
- Immunohistochemistry confirmed the myofibroblastic differentiation of neoplastic cells in 38% of the observed sarcoids.
- FAPα labeling was spotted in all neoplastic fibroblasts of the tumor, suggesting the protein as a potential candidate for the immunohistochemical diagnosis of sarcoids.
Implication
- The findings of this study contribute to the scientific understanding of the BPV’s presence and spread in equine sarcoids, and the role of different proteins in these tumors.
- Furthermore, the potential use of FAPα as a marker for diagnosing sarcoids could improve disease management and treatment outcomes further.
Cite This Article
APA
Tura G, Savini F, Gallina L, La Ragione RM, Durham AE, Mazzeschi M, Lauriola M, Avallone G, Sarli G, Brunetti B, Muscatello LV, Girone C, Bacci B.
(2021).
Fibroblast-associated protein-α expression and BPV nucleic acid distribution in equine sarcoids.
Vet Pathol, 58(6), 1044-1050.
https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858211022696 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, 9296University of Bologna, Italy.
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, 9296University of Bologna, Italy.
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, 9296University of Bologna, Italy.
- 417508School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Surrey, UK.
- 417508School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Surrey, UK.
- Liphook Equine Hospital, Liphook, UK.
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, 9296University of Bologna, Italy.
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, 9296University of Bologna, Italy.
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, 9296University of Bologna, Italy.
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, 9296University of Bologna, Italy.
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, 9296University of Bologna, Italy.
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, 9296University of Bologna, Italy.
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, 9296University of Bologna, Italy.
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, 9296University of Bologna, Italy.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Bovine papillomavirus 1 / genetics
- DNA, Viral
- Fibroblasts
- Horse Diseases
- Horses
- Nucleic Acids
- Papillomavirus Infections / veterinary
- Skin Neoplasms / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Tura G, Brunetti B, Brigandì E, Rinnovati R, Sarli G, Avallone G, Muscatello LV, La Ragione RM, Durham AE, Bacci B. Expression of Cell-Cycle Regulatory Proteins pRb, Cyclin D1, and p53 Is Not Associated with Recurrence Rates of Equine Sarcoids. Vet Sci 2022 Sep 1;9(9).
- Hamza E, Cosandey J, Gerber V, Koch C, Unger L. The potential of three whole blood microRNAs to predict outcome and monitor treatment response in sarcoid-bearing equids. Vet Res Commun 2023 Jan;47(1):87-98.
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