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Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI2008; 16(2); 176-183; doi: 10.1128/CVI.00336-08

Foal monocyte-derived dendritic cells become activated upon Rhodococcus equi infection.

Abstract: Susceptibility of foals to Rhodococcus equi pneumonia is exclusive to the first few months of life. The objective of this study was to investigate the immediate immunologic response of foal and adult horse antigen-presenting cells (APCs) upon infection with R. equi. We measured the activation of the antigen-presenting major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecule, costimulatory molecules CD40 and CD86, the cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), and the transcriptional factor interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) in monocyte-derived macrophages (mMOs) and dendritic cells (mDCs) of adult horses and foals of different ages (from birth to 3 months of age) infected with virulent R. equi or its avirulent, plasmid-cured derivative. Infection with virulent or avirulent R. equi induced (P
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Publication Date: 2008-12-24 PubMed ID: 19109450PubMed Central: PMC2643540DOI: 10.1128/CVI.00336-08Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study looks at the immune response of foal and adult horse cells when infected with a bacterium known as Rhodococcus equi, which can cause pneumonia in young horses. The researchers found that while foal cells react to the infection, there seems to be a limitation to a specific aspect of this response, which could affect the efficient preparation of the cells in fighting infections at an early age.

Understanding the Study’s Objective

  • The primary aim of this research was to examine the immediate immune response of young and mature horse antigen-presenting cells (APCs), upon infection with a bacterium known as Rhodococcus equi.
  • APCs are critical components of the immune system that process and present antigens to T-cells, instigating an immune response.
  • Rhodococcus equi is an bacterium that commonly causes a severe type of pneumonia in foals (young horses) but is typically not harmful to adult horses, and the susceptibility of foals to this infection is limited to the first few months of their lives.

Research Methodology and Findings

  • The researchers investigated the activation of several key components of the immune response: the MHC class II molecule, CD40 and CD86 costimulatory molecules, the cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), and the transcriptional factor interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1)in monocyte-derived macrophages (mMOs) and dendritic cells (mDCs).
  • They conducted their research on cells from adult horses and foals of different ages, from birth, up to 3 months, infected with virulent R. equi or its non-virulent, plasmid-cured derivative.
  • The results suggested that whether infected with a virulent or non-virulent version of R. equi, both foal and adult horse cells exhibited a response, as shown by the expression of IL-12p35 and IL-12p40 mRNAs.
  • However, the researchers found limitations to the MHC class II molecule expression, which they hypothesize may compromise the efficient preparation of naïve effector cells in early life, thus making them more susceptible to R. equi pneumonia.

Significance and Implications

  • The importance of this research lies in its contribution to our understanding of the immunological differences between foals and adult horses, particularly their respective responses to R. equi infection.
  • The limitations found in MHC class II molecule expression could potentially explain why foals are uniquely susceptible to R. equi pneumonia in the first few months of life.
  • The results may prove useful in the development of treatments or preventive measures to protect foals from R. equi pneumonia.

Cite This Article

APA
Flaminio MJ, Nydam DV, Marquis H, Matychak MB, Giguère S. (2008). Foal monocyte-derived dendritic cells become activated upon Rhodococcus equi infection. Clin Vaccine Immunol, 16(2), 176-183. https://doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00336-08

Publication

Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI
ISSN: 1556-679X
NlmUniqueID: 101252125
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Pages: 176-183

Researcher Affiliations

Flaminio, M Julia B F
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA. mbf6@cornell.edu
Nydam, Daryl V
    Marquis, Hélène
      Matychak, Mary Beth
        Giguère, Steeve

          MeSH Terms

          • Animals
          • Animals, Newborn
          • B7-2 Antigen / biosynthesis
          • CD40 Antigens / biosynthesis
          • Cells, Cultured
          • Dendritic Cells / immunology
          • Dendritic Cells / microbiology
          • Flow Cytometry
          • Gene Expression Profiling
          • Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / biosynthesis
          • Horses
          • Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 / biosynthesis
          • Interleukin-12 / biosynthesis
          • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
          • Rhodococcus equi / immunology

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          Citations

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