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Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2026; 16(6); 898; doi: 10.3390/ani16060898

Functional Characterization of Long Non-Coding RNAs Associated with Reproductive Fitness in Pura Raza Española Mares.

Abstract: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts constituted of more than 200 nucleotides that have been associated with the regulation of different biological processes by modulating the expression of key genes. In horses, evidence suggests that lncRNAs play a role in female reproductive fitness, yet their functional implications remain poorly characterized. The objective of this study was to investigate potential DNA:RNA triplex interactions between the promoter regions of fertility-related genes and lncRNAs transcribed from non-coding loci located within ±50 kb of these genes. By doing so, we aimed to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms underlying fertility in Pura Raza Española (PRE) horses. The observed distances (1.2-49.8 kb) were consistent with cis-acting lncRNAs. Furthermore, genomic context and structural accessibility analyses revealed that some predicted DNA-binding sites reside within CpG islands. This strategic localization in active promoter regions points toward a regulatory mechanism where lncRNAs may modulate transcriptional activity via triplex formation. Our results provide a concrete set of biologically plausible lncRNAs within fertility-associated genomic regions, representing targets for further functional validation and potential applications in genomic improvement strategies.
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Publication Date: 2026-03-13 PubMed ID: 41897875PubMed Central: PMC13023287DOI: 10.3390/ani16060898Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

Functional characterization of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Pura Raza Española mares identified potential mechanisms by which these molecules regulate genes related to reproductive fitness, highlighting targets for improving fertility.

Introduction to lncRNAs and Reproductive Fitness

  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA molecules longer than 200 nucleotides that do not code for proteins but regulate gene expression.
  • lncRNAs influence various biological processes, including reproduction.
  • In horses, lncRNAs have been implicated in female reproductive traits, but their specific roles and mechanisms remain unclear.
  • This study focuses on understanding how lncRNAs affect fertility in Pura Raza Española (PRE) mares.

Research Objectives and Approach

  • Aimed to explore DNA:RNA triplex formation as a mechanism by which lncRNAs regulate fertility-related genes.
  • Focused on lncRNAs transcribed from non-coding regions located within ±50 kilobases of genes associated with reproduction.
  • Investigated physical proximity suggesting cis-acting regulatory roles of these lncRNAs.

Key Findings

  • Identified lncRNAs positioned between 1.2 and 49.8 kb from target genes, within range typically associated with cis-regulation.
  • Genomic context analyses showed some lncRNAs bind to DNA at promoter regions containing CpG islands, regions known for gene regulation via DNA methylation.
  • Structural accessibility assessments suggested that these lncRNAs can form stable DNA:RNA triplexes, potentially influencing transcription.
  • This supports a model where lncRNAs modulate gene expression by binding directly to promoter DNA sequences, affecting transcriptional activity.

Biological and Practical Implications

  • Findings highlight a specific set of lncRNAs likely involved in regulating fertility genes in PRE horses.
  • These lncRNAs represent promising candidates for future functional validation studies to confirm their roles.
  • Understanding these regulatory mechanisms could inform genomic selection and improvement strategies aimed at enhancing reproductive fitness in horse breeding programs.

Conclusion

  • This study advances knowledge of lncRNA-mediated regulation in equine reproduction by identifying biologically plausible DNA:RNA triplex interactions.
  • It lays groundwork for targeted research into leveraging lncRNAs to improve fertility traits in Pura Raza Española mares.

Cite This Article

APA
Vargas-Pérez MÁ, Laseca N, Demyda-Peyrás S, Valera M, Ziadi C, Arjona-Delgado MY, Molina A. (2026). Functional Characterization of Long Non-Coding RNAs Associated with Reproductive Fitness in Pura Raza Española Mares. Animals (Basel), 16(6), 898. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani16060898

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 16
Issue: 6
PII: 898

Researcher Affiliations

Vargas-Pérez, María Ángeles
  • Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
Laseca, Nora
  • Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad de Sevilla, Ctra. Utrera, Km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
Demyda-Peyrás, Sebastián
  • Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
Valera, Mercedes
  • Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad de Sevilla, Ctra. Utrera, Km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
Ziadi, Chiraz
  • Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
Arjona-Delgado, María Yuzhi
  • Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
Molina, Antonio
  • Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.

Grant Funding

  • CNS2024-154334 / Agencia Estatal de Investigación
  • JDC2023-051241-I / Agencia Estatal de Investigación
  • RYC2021-031781-I / University of Córdoba

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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