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Open veterinary journal2018; 8(1); 40-46; doi: 10.4314/ovj.v8i1.7

Genetic analysis of maternal and paternal lineages in Kabardian horses by uniparental molecular markers.

Abstract: Studies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) as well as the non-recombining part of the Y chromosome help to understand the origin and distribution of maternal and paternal lineages. The Kabardian horse from Northern Caucasia which is well-known for strength, stamina and endurance in distance riding has a large gap in its breeding documentation especially in the recent past. A 309 bp fragment of the mitochondrial D-loop (156 Kabardian horses) and six mutations in Y chromosome (49 Kabardian stallions), respectively, were analyzed to get a better insight into breeding history, phylogenetic relationship to related breeds, maternal and paternal diversity and genetic structure. We found a high mitochondrial diversity represented by 64 D-loop haplotypes out of 14 haplogroups. The most frequent haplogroups were G (19.5%), L (12.3%), Q (11.7%), and B (11.0%). Although these four haplogroups are also frequently found in Asian riding horses (e.g. Buryat, Kirghiz, Mongolian, Transbaikalian, Tuvinian) the percentage of the particular haplogroups varies sometimes remarkable. In contrast, the obtained haplogroup pattern from Kabardian horse was more similar to that of breeds reared in the Middle East. No specific haplotype cluster was observed in the phylogenetic tree for Kabardian horses. On Kabardian Y chromosome, two mutations were found leading to three haplotypes with a percentage of 36.7% (haplotype HT1), 38.8% (haplotype HT2) and 24.5% (haplotype HT3), respectively. The high mitochondrial and also remarkable paternal diversity of the Kabardian horse is caused by its long history with a widely spread maternal origin and the introduction of Arabian as well as Thoroughbred influenced stallions for improvement. This high genetic diversity provides a good situation for the ongoing breed development and performance selection as well as avoiding inbreeding.
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Publication Date: 2018-02-02 PubMed ID: 29445620PubMed Central: PMC5806666DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v8i1.7Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research examines the genetic history and diversity of the Kabardian horse breed from Northern Caucasia, using mitochondrial DNA and the non-recombining part of the Y chromosome as markers. Findings reveal high genetic diversity in the breed, linked to its extensive history and breeding influences from Arabian and Thoroughbred stallions.

Objective of Research

  • The main objective of the research was to gain insights into the breeding history, phylogenetic relationships with related breeds, and the genetic structure and diversity of Kabardian horses. This was carried out by examining a section of the mitochondrial DNA and mutations in the Y chromosome of these horses.

Methodology

  • The research looked at a 309 base pair fragment of the mitochondrial D-loop from 156 Kabardian horses and six mutations in the Y chromosome of 49 Kabardian stallions.
  • Through these examinations, the study aimed to understand the maternal and paternal lineage and origins of the Kabardian horse.

Findings

  • The researchers discovered high mitochondrial diversity in the Kabardian horses, represented by 64 D-loop haplotypes out of 14 haplogroups. The most common haplogroups were G, L, Q and B.
  • While these haplogroups are commonly seen in Asian riding horses like the Buryat, Kirghiz, Mongolian, Transbaikalian and Tuvinian breeds, the percentage distribution of these groups in Kabardian horses varied greatly.
  • The haplogroup pattern of the Kabardian horses was found to be more similar to breeds in the Middle East.
  • The research did not find any specific haplotype cluster in the phylogenetic tree for the Kabardian horses.
  • Two mutations were found on the Y chromosome of Kabardian horses, leading to three haplotypes: HT1, HT2 and HT3.

Conclusion

  • The researchers concluded that the high genetic diversity in Kabardian horses can be attributed to its long history, with a broad maternal origin and influences from Arabian and Thoroughbred stallions incorporated into their breeding for improvement.
  • This high genetic diversity is deemed beneficial for ongoing breed development and performance selection while allowing for the avoidance of inbreeding.

Cite This Article

APA
Khaudov AD, Duduev AS, Kokov ZA, Amshokov KK, Zhekamukhov MK, Zaitsev AM, Reissmann M. (2018). Genetic analysis of maternal and paternal lineages in Kabardian horses by uniparental molecular markers. Open Vet J, 8(1), 40-46. https://doi.org/10.4314/ovj.v8i1.7

Publication

Open veterinary journal
ISSN: 2226-4485
NlmUniqueID: 101653182
Country: Libya
Language: English
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Pages: 40-46

Researcher Affiliations

Khaudov, Aliybek D
  • Institute of Chemistry and Biology, Kabardino-Balkarian State University, Chernyshevskovo 173, 360004 Nalchik, Russia.
Duduev, Astemir S
  • Institute of Chemistry and Biology, Kabardino-Balkarian State University, Chernyshevskovo 173, 360004 Nalchik, Russia.
Kokov, Zaur A
  • Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Kabardino-Balkarian State University, Chernyshevskovo 173, 360004 Nalchik, Russia.
Amshokov, Khazhismel K
  • Kabardino-Balkarian Research Institute of Agriculture, Kirova 224, 360004 Nalchik, Russia.
Zhekamukhov, Mohamed Kh
  • Kabardino-Balkarian Research Institute of Agriculture, Kirova 224, 360004 Nalchik, Russia.
Zaitsev, Alexander M
  • All-Russian Research Institute of Horse Breeding, Ryazan region, Rybnoye district, 391105 Divovo, Russia.
Reissmann, Monika
  • Abrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute for Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt University, Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany.

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Citations

This article has been cited 5 times.
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