Genetic diversity of Halla horses using microsatellite markers.
Abstract: Currently about 26,000 horses are breeding in Korea and 57.2% (14,776 horses) of them are breeding in Jeju island. According to the statistics published in 2010, the horses breeding in Jeju island are subdivided into Jeju horse (6.1%), Thoroughbred (18.8%) and Halla horse (75.1%). Halla horses are defined as a crossbreed between Jeju and Thoroughbred horses and are used for horse racing, horse riding and horse meat production. However, little research has been conducted on Halla horses because of the perception of crossbreed and people's weighted interest toward Jeju horses. Methods: Using 17 Microsatellite (MS) Markers recommended by International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG), genomic DNAs were extracted from the hair roots of 3,880 Halla horses breeding in Korea and genetic diversity was identified by genotyping after PCR was performed. Conclusions: In average, 10.41 alleles (from 6 alleles in HTG7 to 17 alleles in ASB17) were identified after the analysis using 17 MS Markers. The mean value of H was 0.749 with a range from 0.612(HMS1) to 0.857(ASB2). Also, it was found that H and PIC values were lowest in HMS1 (0.607 and 0.548, respectively), and highest in LEX3(0.859 and 0.843, respectively), and the mean value of H was 0.760 and that of PIC was 0.728. 17 MS markers used in this studies were considered as appropriate markers for the polymorphism analysis of Halla horses. The frequency for the appearance of identical individuals was 5.90 × 10 when assumed as random mating population and when assumed as half-sib and full-sib population, frequencies were 4.08 × 10 and 3.56 × 10, respectively. Based on these results, the 17 MS markers can be used adequately for the Individual Identification and Parentage Verification of Halla horses. Remarkably, allele M and Q of ASB23 marker, G of HMS2 marker, H and L of HTG6 marker, L of HTG7 marker, E of LEX3 marker were the specific alleles unique to Halla horses.
Publication Date: 2016-11-17 PubMed ID: 27891245PubMed Central: PMC5114825DOI: 10.1186/s40781-016-0120-6Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This study investigates the genetic diversity of Halla horses, a breed that comprises the majority of horses in Jeju Island, South Korea, using microsatellite markers recommended by the International Society for Animal Genetics.
Background and Methodology
- The researchers focused their study on Halla horses, a breed that makes up 75.1% of the horse population in Jeju Island. These horses are a crossbreed between native Jeju horses and Thoroughbreds, mainly used for racing, riding, and meat production.
- Prior to this study, Halla horses received little scientific attention due to perceptions surrounding their crossbreed status and the popularity of Jeju horses.
- To examine the genetic diversity of Halla horses, the team used 17 microsatellite (MS) markers recommended by the International Society for Animal Genetics. The genomic DNAs were extracted from the hair roots of 3,880 Halla horses and their genetic diversity was identified by applying a technique called Polymerase Chain Reaction.
Findings and Interpretations
- The researchers identified an average of 10.41 alleles (specific versions of a gene) for each microsatellite marker, ranging from 6 alleles in HTG7 to 17 alleles in ASB17 marker.
- The study also calculated the value of genetic diversity (H), finding a mean value of 0.749, ranging from 0.612 in HMS1 marker to 0.857 in ASB2 marker.
- The study also evaluated the heterozygosity (the presence of different alleles for a particular gene across an individual’s chromosomes) and Polymorphic Information Content (PIC, a measure of the allelic diversity of a marker). The lowest H and PIC values were found in HMS1 marker, while the highest values were discovered in LEX3 marker. The mean H and PIC values were 0.760 and 0.728, respectively.
- The frequency of identical individuals was calculated based on different population assumptions, providing important insights into the population structure of Halla horses.
- Some alleles found in the study were unique to the Halla horse breed, which might be useful for breed characterization and conservation efforts.
Conclusions
- The researchers concluded that the 17 microsatellite markers used in the study are effective tools for assessing the genetic diversity and population structure of Halla horses.
- The specific alleles found in the study can also help in individual identification and parentage verification of Halla horses, which can aid in breeding decisions and conservation planning.
- The findings provide a valuable reference for future genetic diversity and crossbreeding studies on Halla horses and other horse breeds.
Cite This Article
APA
Seo JH, Park KD, Lee HK, Kong HS.
(2016).
Genetic diversity of Halla horses using microsatellite markers.
J Anim Sci Technol, 58, 40.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40781-016-0120-6 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Genomic Informatics Center, Hankyong National University, Anseong, 17579 Korea ; Department of Genomic Informatics, Graduate School of Future Convergence Technology, Hankyong National University, Anseong, 456-749 Korea.
- ChonBuk National University, Jeonju, 54896 Korea.
- ChonBuk National University, Jeonju, 54896 Korea.
- Genomic Informatics Center, Hankyong National University, Anseong, 17579 Korea ; Department of Genomic Informatics, Graduate School of Future Convergence Technology, Hankyong National University, Anseong, 456-749 Korea.
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Citations
This article has been cited 7 times.- An J, Tseveen K, Oyungerel B, Kong HS. Analysis of genetic diversity and structure of Mongolian horse using microsatellite markers. J Anim Sci Technol 2022 Nov;64(6):1226-1236.
- Kim YM, Ha SJ, Seong HS, Choi JY, Baek HJ, Yang BC, Choi JW, Kim NY. Identification of Copy Number Variations in Four Horse Breed Populations in South Korea. Animals (Basel) 2022 Dec 12;12(24).
- Khummuang S, Lee HG, Joo SS, Park JW, Choi JY, Oh JH, Kim KH, Youn HH, Kim M, Cho BW. Comparison for immunophysiological responses of Jeju and Thoroughbred horses after exercise. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2020 Mar;33(3):424-435.
- Kim NY, Seong HS, Kim DC, Park NG, Yang BC, Son JK, Shin SM, Woo JH, Shin MC, Yoo JH, Choi JW. Genome-wide analyses of the Jeju, Thoroughbred, and Jeju crossbred horse populations using the high density SNP array. Genes Genomics 2018 Nov;40(11):1249-1258.
- Dorji J, Tamang S, Tshewang T, Dorji T, Dorji TY. Genetic diversity and population structure of three traditional horse breeds of Bhutan based on 29 DNA microsatellite markers. PLoS One 2018;13(6):e0199376.
- Yordanov G, Yordanov T, Mehandjyiski I, Radoslavov G, Salkova D, Hristov P. Population Structure and Genetic Diversity Among Shagya Arabian Horse Genealogical Lineages in Bulgaria Based on Microsatellite Genotyping. Vet Sci 2025 Aug 19;12(8).
- Noh H, Cho HU, Kim SH. Preussia jejuensis sp. nov., P. koreensis sp. nov., and P. isomera, Coprophilous Fungi Isolated from Horse Dung in Seopjikoji, Jeju Island in the Republic of Korea. Mycobiology 2025;53(2):200-213.
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