Genetic relatedness and pathogenicity of equine herpesvirus 1 isolated from onager, zebra and gazelle.
Abstract: Equine herpesvirus 1 was isolated from an onager in 1985, a zebra in 1986 and a Thomson's gazelle in 1996 in USA. The genetic relatedness and pathogenicity of these three viruses were investigated based on the nucleotide sequences of the glycoprotein G (gG) gene, experimental infection in hamsters, and comparison with horse isolates. The gG gene sequences of EHV-1 from onager and zebra were identical. The gG gene sequences of the gazelle isolate showed 99.5% identity to those of onager and zebra isolates. The gG gene sequences of EHV-1 isolated from horses were 99.9-100% identical and 98, 98 and 97.8% similar to gG from onager, zebra and gazelle isolates, respectively. Hamsters inoculated with onager, zebra and gazelle isolates had severe weight loss, compared with hamsters inoculated with horse isolates. The histopathological findings were related to the virulence of each isolate. The results indicated that EHV-1 isolates from onager, zebra and gazelle differ from horse EHV-1 and are much more virulent in hamsters.
Publication Date: 2006-10-19 PubMed ID: 17051419DOI: 10.1007/s00705-006-0855-3Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research investigates the genetic relationships and virulence of Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) strains isolated from an onager, a zebra, and a Thomson’s gazelle, by examining the genetics of the glycoprotein G (gG) gene and observing the effects of these strains on hamsters compared to horse strains of the virus.
Methodology of the Study
- EHV-1 from different animal species, specifically an onager, a zebra, and a Thomson’s gazelle were isolated and studied.
- The researchers studied the genetic relatedness of these viruses by examining the nucleotide sequences of the glycoprotein G (gG) gene.
- The pathogenicity, or the ability of each isolate to cause disease, was also tested through experimental infection in hamsters.
- The isolated strains were then compared to EHV-1 strains sourced from horses.
Findings of the Study
- The gG gene sequences in the EHV-1 strains taken from the onager and the zebra were identical, suggesting a close genetic relationship between these two strains.
- The gazelle’s EHV-1 showed a 99.5% identity in the gG gene sequences to the onager and zebra strains, declaring a very high genetic similarity.
- EHV-1 strains from horses had 99.9-100% genetic identicalness with each other, but between 97.8% and 98% similarity with the strains from onager, zebra and gazelle.
- Upon inoculation of the virus, hamsters that received the onager, zebra, or gazelle EHV-1 experienced severe weight loss compared to hamsters inoculated with horse strains.
- The histopathological findings, or diseases in tissues, also correlated with the virulence of each isolate, proving that EHV-1 strains from onager, zebra and gazelle provoke a different and more severe reaction in comparison with the horse EHV-1 strains.
Conclusions of the Study
- The results of this research indicated that the EHV-1 strains isolated from an onager, a zebra, and a gazelle are different from the EHV-1 strains derived from horses despite their high genetic similarity.
- The onager, zebra, and gazelle EHV-1 strains were also found to be more virulent, or cause a more severe disease, in hamsters than the horse variants.
Cite This Article
APA
Ibrahim ES, Kinoh M, Matsumura T, Kennedy M, Allen GP, Yamaguchi T, Fukushi H.
(2006).
Genetic relatedness and pathogenicity of equine herpesvirus 1 isolated from onager, zebra and gazelle.
Arch Virol, 152(2), 245-255.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-006-0855-3 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.
MeSH Terms
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Brain / virology
- Cell Line
- Cricetinae
- DNA, Viral
- Disease Models, Animal
- Equidae / genetics
- Equidae / virology
- Genes, Viral
- Herpesviridae Infections / pathology
- Herpesviridae Infections / physiopathology
- Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
- Herpesviridae Infections / virology
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / classification
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / isolation & purification
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / pathogenicity
- Immunohistochemistry
- Male
- Mesocricetus
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques
- Phylogeny
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Virulence
- Weight Loss
Citations
This article has been cited 8 times.- Nielsen SS, Alvarez J, Bicout DJ, Calistri P, Canali E, Drewe JA, Garin-Bastuji B, Gonzales Rojas JL, Gortázar C, Herskin M, Michel V, Miranda Chueca MÁ, Roberts HC, Padalino B, Pasquali P, Spoolder H, Ståhl K, Calvo AV, Viltrop A, Winckler C, Carvelli A, Paillot R, Broglia A, Kohnle L, Baldinelli F, Van der Stede Y. Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): infection with Equine Herpesvirus-1.. EFSA J 2022 Jan;20(1):e07036.
- Sutton G, Thieulent C, Fortier C, Hue ES, Marcillaud-Pitel C, Pléau A, Deslis A, Guitton E, Paillot R, Pronost S. Identification of a New Equid Herpesvirus 1 DNA Polymerase (ORF30) Genotype with the Isolation of a C(2254)/H(752) Strain in French Horses Showing no Major Impact on the Strain Behaviour.. Viruses 2020 Oct 13;12(10).
- Moeller RB Jr, Crossley B, Pipkin A, Li Y, Balasuriya UBR. Systemic equid alphaherpesvirus 9 in a Grant's zebra.. J Vet Diagn Invest 2018 Jul;30(4):580-583.
- Rebelo AR, Carman S, Shapiro J, van Dreumel T, Hazlett M, Nagy É. Equid herpesvirus 9 (EHV-9) isolates from zebras in Ontario, Canada, 1989 to 2007.. Can J Vet Res 2015 Apr;79(2):155-9.
- Guo X, Izume S, Okada A, Ohya K, Kimura T, Fukushi H. Full genome sequences of zebra-borne equine herpesvirus type 1 isolated from zebra, onager and Thomson's gazelle.. J Vet Med Sci 2014 Sep;76(9):1309-12.
- Liu C, Guo W, Lu G, Xiang W, Wang X. Complete genomic sequence of an equine herpesvirus type 8 Wh strain isolated from China.. J Virol 2012 May;86(9):5407.
- Kasem S, Yamada S, Kiupel M, Woodruff M, Ohya K, Fukushi H. Equine herpesvirus type 9 in giraffe with encephalitis.. Emerg Infect Dis 2008 Dec;14(12):1948-9.
- Martín Ocampos GP, Fuentealba NA, Sguazza GH, Jones LR, Cigliano MM, Barbeito CG, Galosi CM. Genomic and phylogenetic analysis of Argentinian Equid Herpesvirus 1 strains.. Virus Genes 2009 Feb;38(1):113-7.
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