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Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2021; 10(3); 322; doi: 10.3390/pathogens10030322

Genetic Variation in the Glycoprotein B Sequence of Equid Herpesvirus 5 among Horses of Various Breeds at Polish National Studs.

Abstract: Equid herpesvirus 5 (EHV-5) is one of two γ-herpesviruses that commonly infect horses worldwide. The objective of the study was to estimate the genetic variability within EHV-5 viruses circulating among horses in Poland. Partial glycoprotein B (gB) sequences from 92 Polish horses from 13 studs throughout Poland were compared to each other and to three EHV-5 sequences from other countries. Despite the overall high level of conservation, considerable variability was observed around the putative furin cleavage site. Based on phylogenetic analysis, the viruses clustered within two major lineages (A and B), with further sub-clustering within group A. The clustering of EHV-5 sequences was independent of age or geographical origin of the sampled horses. Recombination was identified as one of the factors contributing to the genomic heterogeneity. Viruses from unweaned foals were more similar to viruses from other foals at the same stud than to viruses form their dams, suggesting the horizontal transfer and/or evolution of EHV-5 within individual hosts. Our data indicate that the gB sequence is not suitable for tracking the source of EHV-5 infection. Further research is needed to elucidate the importance of the sequence variability around the EHV-5 gB furin cleavage site on the biology of the virus.
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Publication Date: 2021-03-09 PubMed ID: 33803246PubMed Central: PMC7998979DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10030322Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article explores the genetic variation in the glycoprotein B (gB) sequence of Equid Herpesvirus 5 (EHV-5) among different horse breeds in Poland. Even though the sequence is generally conserved, the researchers discovered significant variability at the furin cleavage sites and identified recombination as a contributing factor.

Study Overview

  • The research aimed to understand the genetic variability within EHV-5, a common herpesvirus infecting horses globally, with a specific focus on the Polish horse population.
  • To do this, scientists took partial glycoprotein B (gB) sequences from 92 horses across 13 studs in Poland. The sequences were compared to each other and to three EHV-5 sequences from other countries.

Findings

  • Despite the overall conservation of the gB sequences, they found significant variability at the furin cleavage site. Furin cleavage site is a critical part of the virus’s lifecycle, playing a key role in the virus’s ability to enter cells, and any change in this location may have a significant impact on the virus’s behaviour.
  • Based on a phylogenetic analysis, the researchers found that the EHV-5 viruses branched into two major lineages (A and B), with further sub-branching within group A.
  • Interestingly, this viral clustering was observed to be independent of the horses’ age or geographical origin.
  • The researchers identified recombination as one significant factor contributing to the genomic diversity observed in the viruses.
  • Viruses from unweaned foals were more genetically similar to viruses from other foals at the same stud than to those in their mothers, suggesting possible horizontal transfer and/or evolution of EHV-5 within individual hosts.

Conclusion

  • The data from this research suggest that the gB sequence of EHV-5 is not an appropriate marker for tracking the source of EHV-5 infection. More research is needed to determine the impact of the sequence variability observed around the EHV-5 gB furin cleavage site on the virus’s biology.

Cite This Article

APA
Stasiak K, Dunowska M, Trewick S, Rola J. (2021). Genetic Variation in the Glycoprotein B Sequence of Equid Herpesvirus 5 among Horses of Various Breeds at Polish National Studs. Pathogens, 10(3), 322. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10030322

Publication

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 2076-0817
NlmUniqueID: 101596317
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
PII: 322

Researcher Affiliations

Stasiak, Karol
  • Department of Virology, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.
Dunowska, Magdalena
  • School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
Trewick, Steven
  • School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
Rola, Jerzy
  • Department of Virology, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Stasiak K, Dunowska M, Rola J. Kinetics of the Equid Herpesvirus 2 and 5 Infections among Mares and Foals from Three Polish National Studs. Viruses 2022 Mar 29;14(4).
    doi: 10.3390/v14040713pubmed: 35458443google scholar: lookup
  2. Stasiak K, Dunowska M, Rola J. Genetic Diversity of Equid Herpesvirus 5 in Temporal Samples from Mares and Their Foals at Three Polish National Studs. Int J Mol Sci 2025 Aug 27;26(17).
    doi: 10.3390/ijms26178298pubmed: 40943220google scholar: lookup
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