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Journal of virology2006; 80(18); 9244-9258; doi: 10.1128/JVI.00945-06

Genome of horsepox virus.

Abstract: Here we present the genomic sequence of horsepox virus (HSPV) isolate MNR-76, an orthopoxvirus (OPV) isolated in 1976 from diseased Mongolian horses. The 212-kbp genome contained 7.5-kbp inverted terminal repeats and lacked extensive terminal tandem repetition. HSPV contained 236 open reading frames (ORFs) with similarity to those in other OPVs, with those in the central 100-kbp region most conserved relative to other OPVs. Phylogenetic analysis of the conserved region indicated that HSPV is closely related to sequenced isolates of vaccinia virus (VACV) and rabbitpox virus, clearly grouping together these VACV-like viruses. Fifty-four HSPV ORFs likely represented fragments of 25 orthologous OPV genes, including in the central region the only known fragmented form of an OPV ribonucleotide reductase large subunit gene. In terminal genomic regions, HSPV lacked full-length homologues of genes variably fragmented in other VACV-like viruses but was unique in fragmentation of the homologue of VACV strain Copenhagen B6R, a gene intact in other known VACV-like viruses. Notably, HSPV contained in terminal genomic regions 17 kbp of OPV-like sequence absent in known VACV-like viruses, including fragments of genes intact in other OPVs and approximately 1.4 kb of sequence present only in cowpox virus (CPXV). HSPV also contained seven full-length genes fragmented or missing in other VACV-like viruses, including intact homologues of the CPXV strain GRI-90 D2L/I4R CrmB and D13L CD30-like tumor necrosis factor receptors, D3L/I3R and C1L ankyrin repeat proteins, B19R kelch-like protein, D7L BTB/POZ domain protein, and B22R variola virus B22R-like protein. These results indicated that HSPV contains unique genomic features likely contributing to a unique virulence/host range phenotype. They also indicated that while closely related to known VACV-like viruses, HSPV contains additional, potentially ancestral sequences absent in other VACV-like viruses.
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Publication Date: 2006-08-31 PubMed ID: 16940536PubMed Central: PMC1563943DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00945-06Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study completed a genomic sequence of the horsepox virus (HSPV), an orthopoxvirus known to infect Mongolian horses. It found HSPV to be closely related to the vaccinia virus and shared unique genomic features that could contribute to its unique virulence and host range.

Genomic Sequence of HSPV

  • The researchers presented the genomic sequence of the horsepox virus (HSPV) isolate MNR-76. This orthopoxvirus (OPV) was isolated back in 1976 from diseased Mongolian horses.
  • The genome measured 212 kilo base pairs (kbp) and had 7.5-kbp inverted terminal repeats. It lacked extensive terminal tandem repetition.
  • They found that HSPV had 236 open reading frames (ORFs) with similarities to other OPVs, with the center 100-kbp region being the most conserved compared to other OPVs.

Phylogenetic Analysis and Relationship with Other Viruses

  • Phylogenetic analysis of the conserved region showed that HSPV is closely related to sequenced isolates of vaccinia virus (VACV) and rabbitpox virus.
  • It is unique from these due to fragmentation of the VACV strain Copenhagen B6R, a gene that is intact in other known VACV-like viruses.
  • The researchers also noted that HSPV contained 17 kbp of OPV-like sequence in terminal genomic regions that were absent in other VACV-like viruses.

Unique Genomic Features and Genes

  • HSPV was found to have unique genomic features that presumably contribute to its distinct virulence/host range phenotype.
  • It contained nine full-length genes fragmented or missing in other VACV-like viruses. Some of these genes were only present in cowpox virus.
  • Despite its close relation to known VACV-like viruses, HSPV’s genome had additional sequences that were absent from other VACV-like viruses.

The presented information provides valuable insights into the genetics of the horsepox virus and its relationship to other viruses. These findings can further be utilized to understand the genetic basis of virulence and host range in this class of viruses.

Cite This Article

APA
Tulman ER, Delhon G, Afonso CL, Lu Z, Zsak L, Sandybaev NT, Kerembekova UZ, Zaitsev VL, Kutish GF, Rock DL. (2006). Genome of horsepox virus. J Virol, 80(18), 9244-9258. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00945-06

Publication

Journal of virology
ISSN: 0022-538X
NlmUniqueID: 0113724
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 80
Issue: 18
Pages: 9244-9258

Researcher Affiliations

Tulman, E R
  • Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY 11944, USA.
Delhon, G
    Afonso, C L
      Lu, Z
        Zsak, L
          Sandybaev, N T
            Kerembekova, U Z
              Zaitsev, V L
                Kutish, G F
                  Rock, D L

                    MeSH Terms

                    • Animals
                    • Cloning, Molecular
                    • Cowpox virus / genetics
                    • DNA, Viral
                    • Genome, Viral
                    • Horses
                    • Models, Genetic
                    • Molecular Sequence Data
                    • Open Reading Frames
                    • Phenotype
                    • Phylogeny
                    • Vaccinia virus / genetics
                    • Variola virus / genetics
                    • Viruses / genetics

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