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Genes2019; 10(8); doi: 10.3390/genes10080597

Genomic Regions Associated with IgE Levels against Culicoides spp. Antigens in Three Horse Breeds.

Abstract: Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH), which is a cutaneous allergic reaction to antigens from Culicoides spp., is the most prevalent skin disorder in horses. Misdiagnosis is possible, as IBH is usually diagnosed based on clinical signs. Our study is the first to employ IgE levels against several recombinant Culicoides spp. allergens as an objective, independent, and quantitative phenotype to improve the power to detect genetic variants that underlie IBH. Genotypes of 200 Shetland ponies, 127 Icelandic horses, and 223 Belgian Warmblood horses were analyzed while using a mixed model approach. No single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) passed the Bonferroni corrected significance threshold, but several regions were identified within and across breeds, which confirmed previously identified regions of interest and, in addition, identifying new regions of interest. Allergen-specific IgE levels are a continuous and objective phenotype that allow for more powerful analyses when compared to a case-control set-up, as more significant associations were obtained. However, the use of a higher density array seems necessary to fully employ the use of IgE levels as a phenotype. While these results still require validation in a large independent dataset, the use of allergen-specific IgE levels showed value as an objective and continuous phenotype that can deepen our understanding of the biology underlying IBH.
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Publication Date: 2019-08-08 PubMed ID: 31398914PubMed Central: PMC6723964DOI: 10.3390/genes10080597Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates the genetic factors influencing the occurrence of Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH), a common skin disorder in horses. The study utilized IgE levels, which represent the reaction of the horse’s immune system to insect bites, to locate genome regions possibly associated with IBH in three horse breeds.

Investigation Approach

The researchers explored the genotypes of three horse breeds – 200 Shetland ponies, 127 Icelandic horses, and 223 Belgian Warmblood horses – using a mixed model approach. They studied these genotypes to pinpoint single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which are variants in a single DNA building block, linked to IBH. Allergen-specific IgE levels, i.e., levels of Immunoglobulin E produced in response to specific antigens from the Culicoides insect species causing IBH, were taken as a measure to determine the degree of susceptibility to the disorder in different horse breeds.

  • The study primarily concentrated on locating genomic regions related to the IgE antibody levels against several Culicoides spp. allergens. This approach presented a more effective, quantitative, and independent determinant of studying the genetic elements underlying IBH than the previous method of detection solely based on clinical signs (which could lead to misdiagnosis).

Findings

During the analysis, no SNP passed the Bonferroni corrected significance threshold, a statistical method to counteract the problem of multiple comparisons. Nevertheless, the study successfully identified and highlighted a couple of genomic regions connected to the disorder. Some previously identified regions linked with IBH risk got confirmation, and new potentially associated regions got discovered as well.

  • The use of allergen-specific IgE levels turned out to be most beneficial compared to the traditional case-control setup since it allowed the detection of more significant associations.
  • However, the study advocated for the use of a higher density array for effectively employing IgE levels to deepen the understanding of IBH.

Conclusions

Although the results acquired from this study should still be validated with a larger independent dataset, the use of allergen-specific IgE levels was found to be valuable. This research lays the groundwork for a more in-depth understanding of the biology underlying IBH in horses, which could potentially influence future strategies for treatment or prevention of the disorder.

Cite This Article

APA
François L, Hoskens H, Velie BD, Stinckens A, Tinel S, Lamberigts C, Peeters L, Savelkoul HFJ, Tijhaar E, Lindgren G, Janssens S, Ducro BJ, Buys N, Schurink AA. (2019). Genomic Regions Associated with IgE Levels against Culicoides spp. Antigens in Three Horse Breeds. Genes (Basel), 10(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/genes10080597

Publication

Genes
ISSN: 2073-4425
NlmUniqueID: 101551097
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 10
Issue: 8

Researcher Affiliations

François, Liesbeth
  • Livestock Genetics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
Hoskens, Hanne
  • Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Velie, Brandon D
  • School of Life & Environmental Sciences, B19-603 University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006,Australia.
Stinckens, Anneleen
  • Livestock Genetics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
Tinel, Susanne
  • Livestock Genetics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
Lamberigts, Chris
  • Research Group Livestock Physiology, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
Peeters, Liesbet
  • Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
Savelkoul, Huub F J
  • Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Tijhaar, Edwin
  • Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Lindgren, Gabriella
  • Livestock Genetics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
  • Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
Janssens, Steven
  • Livestock Genetics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
Ducro, Bart J
  • Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Buys, Nadine
  • Livestock Genetics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
Schurink, And Anouk
  • Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands. anouk.schurink@wur.nl.
  • Centre for Genetic Resources, The Netherlands (CGN), Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands. anouk.schurink@wur.nl.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Ceratopogonidae / immunology
  • Horse Diseases / genetics
  • Horse Diseases / immunology
  • Horses / genetics
  • Horses / immunology
  • Hypersensitivity / genetics
  • Hypersensitivity / immunology
  • Hypersensitivity / veterinary
  • Immunoglobulin E / genetics
  • Insect Bites and Stings / genetics
  • Insect Bites and Stings / immunology
  • Insect Bites and Stings / veterinary
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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