Hemodynamic responses of horses to anesthesia and surgery, before and after administration of a low dose of endotoxin.
Abstract: Seven horses, which were part of an investigation of the effect of endotoxin administration on vascular reactivity, were anesthetized on two separate occasions for surgical excision of 4-cm sections of palmar digital artery and vein. On the first occasion, the horses were given an infusion of 1 L 0.9% NaCl solution intravenously (i.v.) just before induction of anesthesia (control); on the second occasion, the horses received an infusion of 1 L 0.9% NaCl containing Escherichia coli endotoxin, 0.1 microgram/kg (endotoxin). On both occasions, anesthesia was induced with xylazine, guaifenesin, and ketamine, and maintained with halothane in oxygen. Hemodynamic measurements were made with the horses under anesthesia immediately before beginning surgery (period 1), during skin incision (period 2), during dissection and excision of the vessels (period 3), during skin suturing (period 4), and after completion of surgery during bandaging (period 5). Hemoglobin concentration and mixed venous oxygen content were greater at all periods in horses that received endotoxin. Otherwise, there were no significant differences in hemodynamic parameters between control horses and horses administered endotoxin before beginning surgery (period 1). During surgery and bandaging, horses administered endotoxin had significantly higher heart rate (periods 3, 4, and 5), cardiac index (periods 3, 4, and 5), and oxygen delivery (periods 2, 3, 4, and 5) than did control horses, and mean arterial blood pressure (period 2) and systemic vascular resistance (periods 2, 3, 4, and 5) were less than in control horses. Compared with period 1, surgical stimulation in control horses was associated with increased mean arterial blood pressure and systemic vascular resistance (periods 2, 3, 4, and 5), but cardiac index and oxygen delivery were decreased (periods 3, 4, and 5).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Publication Date: 1995-01-01 PubMed ID: 7701776DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.1995.tb01300.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research study investigates the effect of administering a low dose of endotoxin on the hemodynamic responses of horses to anesthesia and surgery. The results show that the endotoxin changes the horses’ blood circulation parameters, including higher heart rates, oxygen delivery, and decreased blood pressure and systemic vascular resistance during surgery compared to control horses.
Experiment Setup
- The study involved seven horses that were anesthetized two separate times for surgical removal of sections of their palmar digital artery and vein.
- During the first operation, the horses were given a solution of 1 L 0.9% NaCl intravenously before the induction of anesthesia – this served as the control.
- During the second procedure, the horses were given a solution of 1 L 0.9% NaCl containing Escherichia coli endotoxin, with a concentration of 0.1 microgram/kg.
- In both cases, anesthesia was induced with xylazine, guaifenesin, and ketamine, then maintained with halothane in oxygen.
Data Collection
- Hemodynamic measurements were taken at different stages of the surgical procedure: just before surgery, during skin incision, during the dissection and excision of vessels, while suturing the skin, and after completion of surgery during bandaging.
Results
- The horses that received the endotoxin showed higher hemoglobin concentration and mixed venous oxygen content at all periods compared to those in the control condition.
- Before the surgery (period 1), there were no significant differences between the control and endotoxin-treated horses.
- During and after surgery, however, horses that had received endotoxin showed higher heart rates, cardiac index, and oxygen delivery than the control horses.
- Additionally, the mean arterial blood pressure and systemic vascular resistance were lower in the horses that received endotoxin.
Implications
- The study suggests that administering a low dose of endotoxin impacts the physical responses of horses under anesthesia and during surgical procedures.
- The observations indicate significant implications on the hemodynamic parameters such as heart rate, oxygen delivery, arterial blood pressure, and systemic vascular resistance.
- This research could potentially provide new insights into the management of hemodynamics in horses during surgical procedures.
Cite This Article
APA
Wagner AE, Dunlop CI, Wertz EM, Chapman PL, Baxter GM, Klopp LS.
(1995).
Hemodynamic responses of horses to anesthesia and surgery, before and after administration of a low dose of endotoxin.
Vet Surg, 24(1), 78-85.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950x.1995.tb01300.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523.
MeSH Terms
- Anesthesia, General / veterinary
- Animals
- Colic / chemically induced
- Colic / physiopathology
- Colic / surgery
- Colic / veterinary
- Endotoxins / administration & dosage
- Endotoxins / pharmacology
- Female
- Hemodynamics / physiology
- Horse Diseases / chemically induced
- Horse Diseases / physiopathology
- Horse Diseases / surgery
- Horses
- Male
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Mendoza FJ, Buzon-Cuevas A, Aguilera-Aguilera R, Gonzalez-De Cara CA, De Las Heras A, Perez-Ecija A. Hemodynamic Response to Lipopolysaccharide Infusion and Effect of Meloxicam Administration on Cardiac Function in Donkeys. Animals (Basel) 2024 Dec 18;14(24).
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