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Home / Equine Research Bank / Animals (Basel) / “HerdGPS-Preprocessor”-A Tool to Preprocess Herd...
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2020; 10(10); doi: 10.3390/ani10101932

“HerdGPS-Preprocessor”-A Tool to Preprocess Herd Animal GPS Data; Applied to Evaluate Contact Structures in Loose-Housing Horses.

Abstract: Sensors delivering information on the position of farm animals have been widely used in precision livestock farming. Global Positioning System (GPS) sensors are already known from applications in military, private and commercial environments, and their application in animal science is increasing. However, as trade-offs between sensor cost, battery life and sensor weight have to be made, GPS based studies scheduling long data collection periods and including a high number of animals, have to deal with problems like high hardware costs and data disruption during recharging of sensors. Furthermore, human-animal interaction due to sensor changing at the end of battery life interferes with the animal behaviour under analysis. The present study thus proposes a setting to deal with these challenges and offers the software tool "HerdGPS-Preprocessor", because collecting position data from multiple animals nonstop for several weeks produces a high amount of raw data which needs to be sorted, preprocessed and provided in a suitable format per animal and day. The software tool "HerdGPS-Preprocessor" additionally outputs contact lists to enable a straight analysis of animal contacts. The software tool was exemplarily deployed for one month of daily and continuous GPS data of 40 horses in a loose-housing boarding facility in northern Germany. Contact lists were used to generate separate networks for every hour, which are then analysed with regard to the network parameter density, diameter and clique structure. Differences depending on the day and the day time could be observed. More dense networks with more and larger cliques were determined in the hours prior to the opening of additional pasture.
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Publication Date: 2020-10-21 PubMed ID: 33096646PubMed Central: PMC7589659DOI: 10.3390/ani10101932Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article is about a software tool named “HerdGPS-Preprocessor” that preprocesses GPS data from herd animals, applied specifically to study contact structures in loose-housing horses. It discusses the benefits and challenges of using GPS sensors for animal science research and the efficiency provided by the tool to turn raw data into analyzable outputs.

Introduction to the study

  • The research focuses on the benefits and drawbacks of using GPS sensors for collecting position data from farm animals, especially those in herds, in precision livestock farming.
  • The main challenges of using these sensors are high hardware costs, data disruption due to battery recharging, and the interference caused by changing sensors at the end of the battery’s lifespan.
  • Addressing these issues, the study introduces a software tool named “HerdGPS-Preprocessor”.

HerdGPS-Preprocessor Tool

  • This tool is designed to manage the high volume of raw data generated from nonstop tracking of multiple animals over several weeks.
  • It can sort and preprocess data, providing them in a suitable format for each animal per day.
  • Apart from this, the software also generates contact lists that allow seamless analysis of animal interactions.

Application and Findings

  • The researchers applied this tool on a month-long continuous GPS data from 40 horses in a loose-housing boarding facility in northern Germany.
  • With the help of generated contact lists, they created separate networks for every hour which were analyzed with regard to parameters such as network density, diameter, and clique structure.
  • The findings showed differences in contact patterns depending on the time of the day and different days.
  • Notably, more dense networks with more and larger cliques were observed in the hours leading up to the opening of additional pasture.

Conclusion

  • Overall, the HerdGPS-Preprocessor proves to be a useful tool in dealing with challenges of using GPS-based data in animal science research, transforming raw data into useful, analyzable information.

Cite This Article

APA
Salau J, Hildebrandt F, Czycholl I, Krieter J. (2020). “HerdGPS-Preprocessor”-A Tool to Preprocess Herd Animal GPS Data; Applied to Evaluate Contact Structures in Loose-Housing Horses. Animals (Basel), 10(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10101932

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 10
Issue: 10

Researcher Affiliations

Salau, Jennifer
  • Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Olshausenstraße 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany.
Hildebrandt, Frederik
  • Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Olshausenstraße 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany.
Czycholl, Irena
  • Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Olshausenstraße 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany.
Krieter, Joachim
  • Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Olshausenstraße 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

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