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Journal of medical entomology2006; 43(5); 936-946; doi: 10.1603/0022-2585(2006)43[936:hbahba]2.0.co;2

Horse-, bird-, and human-seeking behavior and seasonal abundance of mosquitoes in a West Nile virus focus of southern France.

Abstract: After 35 yr of disease absence, West Nile virus (family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, WNV) circulation has been regularly detected in the Camargue region (southern France) since 2000. WNV was isolated from Culex modestus Ficalbi, which was considered the main vector in southern France after horse outbreaks in the 1960s. Recent WNV transmissions outside of the Cx. modestus distribution suggested the existence of other vectors. To study potential WNV vectors, horse- and bird-baited traps and human landing collections of mosquitoes were carried out weekly from May to October 2004 at two Camargue sites: one site in a wet area and the other site in a dry area, both chosen for their past history of WNV transmission. At the wet site, the most abundant species in bird-baited traps were Culex pipiens L. and Cx. modestus; both species also were found in lower proportions on horses and humans. The most abundant species in horse-baited traps and human landing collections were Aedes caspius (Pallas), Aedes vexans (Meigen), and Anopheles hyrcanus (Pallas) sensu lato; some of these species were occasionally collected with avian blood at the end of the summer. Anopheles maculipennis Meigen sensu lato was an abundant horse feeder, but it was rarely collected landing on human bait and never contained avian blood. At the dry site, Cx. pipiens was the most abundant species in bird- and horse-baited traps. The seasonal and circadian dynamics of these species are analyzed, and their potential in WNV transmission in Camargue discussed.
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Publication Date: 2006-10-05 PubMed ID: 17017231DOI: 10.1603/0022-2585(2006)43[936:hbahba]2.0.co;2Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Comparative Study
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study investigates the behavior and seasonal abundance of mosquitoes that could potentially carry the West Nile virus in the Camargue region of southern France. The authors focused on mosquitoes attracted by birds, horses, and humans, and specifically studied their numbers and activity patterns in two different sites – one dry and one wet, over a period of six months from May to October in 2004.

Study Methodology

  • The researchers used horse- and bird-baited traps and human landing collections to study the potential West Nile virus (WNV) vectors.
  • These collections were conducted on a weekly basis from May to October 2004 in two different settings in the Camargue area: one in a wet area and one in a dry area. Both sites were chosen due to their previous history of WNV transmission.

Study Findings

  • At the wet site, the species captured in highest quantity in bird-baited traps were Culex pipiens L. and Culex modestus. Both of these species were also found to a lesser extent landing on horses and humans.
  • Aedes caspius, Aedes vexans, and Anopheles hyrcanus were the main species found in horse-baited traps and human landing collections.
  • A few of these species were observed to have avian blood, particularly towards the end of summer.
  • Anopheles maculipennis was a frequent horse feeder, however, it was rare to see it landing on human bait and none contained avian blood.
  • At the dry site, Culex pipiens was the predominant species in bird- and horse-baited traps.

Seasonal and Circadian Dynamics

  • The authors also analyzed the seasonal and circadian (day-night) dynamics of these species. This information would be valuable in establishing their roles as potential carriers of WNV.
  • The findings shed light on when these mosquitoes are most active and likely to transmit the virus, helping in further understanding the potential risk periods for WNV transmission.

Significance

  • The research provides significant insight into mosquito behavior and their potential as vectors in WNV transmission in the Camargue region.
  • Understanding the behaviors and preferences of these mosquitoes could help in developing strategies to control and prevent the spread of WNV.

Cite This Article

APA
Balenghien T, Fouque F, Sabatier P, Bicout DJ. (2006). Horse-, bird-, and human-seeking behavior and seasonal abundance of mosquitoes in a West Nile virus focus of southern France. J Med Entomol, 43(5), 936-946. https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-2585(2006)43[936:hbahba]2.0.co;2

Publication

Journal of medical entomology
ISSN: 0022-2585
NlmUniqueID: 0375400
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 43
Issue: 5
Pages: 936-946

Researcher Affiliations

Balenghien, T
  • Unité Biomathématiques et epidémiologie, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon, 1 avenue Bourgelat, 69280 Marcy l'Etoile, France.
Fouque, F
    Sabatier, P
      Bicout, D J

        MeSH Terms

        • Animals
        • Behavior, Animal / physiology
        • Birds
        • Culicidae / classification
        • Culicidae / physiology
        • Female
        • France
        • Horses
        • Humans
        • Insect Vectors / physiology
        • Mosquito Control / instrumentation
        • Population Density
        • Population Dynamics
        • Rain
        • Seasons
        • Temperature
        • Time Factors
        • West Nile Fever / transmission
        • West Nile Fever / virology
        • West Nile virus

        Citations

        This article has been cited 67 times.
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