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Home / Equine Research Bank / Immunogenetics / Horse (Equus caballus) T-cell receptor alpha, gamma, and del...
Immunogenetics1995; 42(2); 112-122; doi: 10.1007/BF00178585

Horse (Equus caballus) T-cell receptor alpha, gamma, and delta chain genes: nucleotide sequences and tissue-specific gene expression.

Abstract: Horse (Equus caballus) T-cell receptor alpha (TCRA), gamma (TCRG), and delta (TCRD) chain genes were isolated from a cDNA library and characterized. Five unique TCRAV families, including four full-length sequences, five distinct TCRAJ genes, and a single TCRAC gene were identified. TCRAV genes had closest homology with human sequences and least similarity to rat genes. Among eight horse TCRG genes, two distinct constant region genes with considerable variation in the connecting region were identified, but no variable or joining genes were present. Southern blot hybridization confirmed the presence of at least two TCRGC genes and indicated that the vast majority of horse alpha beta T cells rearrange either one or both TCRG alleles. Analysis of horse TCRD genes revealed the presence of eight unique TCRDV genes representing seven families, each having closest nucleotide homology with sheep sequences. Six unique TCRDJ genes were isolated; however, four of these sequences differed by only one base pair and thus likely represented alleles of a single gene. One horse TCRDC gene was present among fifteen clones analyzed and, based on Southern blot hybridizations, was deleted in polyclonal alpha beta T-cell populations, indicating that the TCRD locus is probably located within the TCRA locus as in other species. Polymerase chain reaction using horse-specific primers for the detection of TCRAC and TCRDC gene expression indicated that gamma delta T cells are located at numerous sites throughout the body, and with the exception of bone marrow where only TCRAC transcripts were detected, are closely associated with alpha beta T cells. This finding indicates that these two T-cell populations may be functionally interactive.
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Publication Date: 1995-01-01 PubMed ID: 7607702DOI: 10.1007/BF00178585Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research involved studying the T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha, gamma, and delta chain genes of horses (Equus caballus). The team isolated these genes and characterized them, discovering some similarities with humans and sheep, but notably less with rats. In addition, they suggested that these T cells could be functionally interactive based on their close association in various body sites, except for bone marrow.

Gene Isolation and Characterization

  • The researchers isolated and characterized the T-cell receptor (TCRA, TCRG, and TCRD) chain genes from a cDNA library derived from horses.
  • Multiple unique TCRAV, TCRG, and TCRD genes were identified with varying degrees of similarity to equivalent genes in other species. The TCRAV genes exhibited the closest homology with human sequences, while TCRD genes showed the closest nucleotide homology with sheep sequences. In contrast, the least similarity was found with rat genes.

Study of TCRG and TCRD Genes

  • In the study of the TCRG genes, the team noted two distinct constant region genes but did not identify any variable or joining genes.
  • The TCRD genes uncovered eight unique TCRDV genes representing seven families. When examining TCRDJ genes, only six unique sequences were found. However, four of these sequences differed by only one base pair, indicating they likely represented alleles of a single gene.

Discovery of TCRDC Gene

  • A single horse TCRDC gene was identified. Through Southern blot hybridizations, the researchers discovered it was deleted in polyclonal alpha beta T-cell populations. This suggested that perhaps the TCRD locus is located within the TCRA locus, similar to other species.

Gene Expression and T Cell Interaction

  • The team conducted Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with horse-specific primers to detect TCRAC and TCRDC gene expression. They found that gamma delta T cells are present in numerous sites throughout the body.
  • With the exception of bone marrow where only TCRAC transcripts were detected, these T cells were closely linked with alpha beta T cells. This relationship between two different T-cell populations possibly indicated some level of functional interaction between them.

Cite This Article

APA
Schrenzel MD, Ferrick DA. (1995). Horse (Equus caballus) T-cell receptor alpha, gamma, and delta chain genes: nucleotide sequences and tissue-specific gene expression. Immunogenetics, 42(2), 112-122. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00178585

Publication

Immunogenetics
ISSN: 0093-7711
NlmUniqueID: 0420404
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 42
Issue: 2
Pages: 112-122

Researcher Affiliations

Schrenzel, M D
  • University of California, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, Immunology Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Ferrick, D A

    MeSH Terms

    • Amino Acid Sequence
    • Animals
    • Base Sequence
    • DNA Primers
    • DNA, Complementary
    • Gene Expression
    • Horses / immunology
    • Molecular Sequence Data
    • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta / chemistry
    • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta / genetics
    • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / chemistry
    • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / genetics
    • Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
    • Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid

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